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THEOLOGICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL
BIOGRAPHY AND GLOSSARY

FACULTY PSYCHOLOGY
  • A psychology of pragmatism and instrumentalism.
  • Interpret the mind biologically in terms of behavior and environmental adaptation.
Fairbairn, Andrew Martin
(1838-1912)
  • British Congregational theologian
  • principal of Mansfield College at Oxford for 23 years
  • worked on consciousness of Christ
FAITH
FALLACY ARGUMENT
FALLIBILISM
  • states that no empirical judgment can be certain.
  • All empirical judgments are fallible or probable.
  • See Antifallibilism
FALSIFIABILITY PRINCIPLE
  • Similar to the Verifiability Principle, but goes one step beyond by asking for the criteria by which a statement can be proven false.
  • E.g., "What would it take to prove that Babe Ruth was not the greatest baseball player of all time?"
  • See Karl Popper
Farel, William [Guillaume]
(1489-1565)
William Farel

William Farel

  • French Reformer called "the venturesome, big-voiced, red-bearded little evangelist."
  • When the persecution of Protestants in France forced him to flee in 1523, he became a leader of a band of reformers preaching mainly in French-speaking Switzerland, and ending up in Geneva in 1530s.
  • Farel's preaching had brought an end to Catholic masses, but the town's Protestantism rested on political hostility to the bishop, not doctrinal convictions.
  • Thus he convinced Calvin to assist him.
  • Geneva's city councils offered Calvin a position as "Professor of Sacred Scriptures."
  • Calvin stayed for 2 years and was ordered to leave.
  • Calvin went to Strasbourg and later moved back to Geneva, but Farel moved to Neuchâtel and reached other French towns.

Farmer, Herbert Henry
(1892-1981)
  • British Presbyterian theologian and writer.
Farrar, Frederic William
(1831-1903)
F. W. Farrar

F. W. Farrar

  • Liberal Anglican pastor and theologian
  • questioned doctrine of eternal punishment.

Farrer, Austin
(1904-1968)
Austin Farrer

Austin Farrer

  • Anglican philosopher, theologian, and pastor at Oxford
  • wrote
    1. Finite and Infinite
    2. The Freedom of the Will
    3. The Glass of Vision

FATALISM
  • Events are predetermined by a cosmic purpose, plan, or will.
  • Whatever is foreordained will occur no matter what.
  • Human control is limited to attitude (e.g., resignation to the will of God).
  • Nothing happens by accident or chance.
Faunce, William H. Perry
(1859-1930)
  • US Baptist pastor; President of Brown University
Febronius
Febronius, Justinus
Fechner
(1801-1887)
Fechner

Fechner


Fenelon, Francoise de Salignac de la Mothe
(1651-1715)
Fenelon

Fenelon

  • French quietist, Jesuit
  • favored the mystic writings of Madam Guyon and counselled her
  • wrote
    1. Maximes des Saints
    2. Telemaque.

Ferguson, David
(1525-1598)
  • Scottish Reformer.
Ferre, Frederick
(1933-____)
Frederick Ferre

Frederick Ferre

  • US philosopher of religion
  • wrote Language, Logic and God
  • emphasized the nature and function of theological language.

Ferre, Nels F. S.
(1908-1971)
  • Swedish-American theologian
  • emphasized love as central interpretive principle of theology
  • taught at Andover Newton theologian School and Vanderbilt University
  • wrote
    1. Christ and the Christian
    2. The Christian Understanding of God
Feuerbach, Ludwig Andreas
(1804-1872)
Ludwig Feuerbach

Ludwig Feuerbach

  • German philosopher
  • idea of God is a human projection
  • man creates God in his own image.

Fichte
(1762-1814)
Fichte

Fichte


FICTIONALISM
  • Also called Fictionism.
  • Vaihinger's theory of the "as if."
  • All concepts are viewed as fictions lacking objective truth but they are useful as instruments of action.
FICTIONISM
FICTIONS
Finley, Samuel
Samuel Finley

Samuel Finley


Finney, Charles Grandison
(1792-1875)
Charles Finney

Charles Finney

  • US Presbyterian pastor
  • converted lawyer
  • evangelist argued people into salvation
  • professor and President at Oberlin College
  • Arminian
  • perfectionist sanctification.

FITTEST
Flacius, Matthias
(1520-1575)
Melanchthon

Melanchthon

  • Lutheran theologian
  • against Melanchthon for being too friendly with the Roman Catholics.

Flavel, John
(c 1630-1691)
John Flavel

John Flavel

  • British Puritan Presbyterian pastor
  • popular writer
  • wrote
    1. Treatise on the Soul
    2. The Methods of Grace
    3. The Mystery of Providence
Flechier, Valentin Esprit
(1632-1710)
  • French Roman Catholic Bishop known for funeral sermons.
Fletcher, John
(1729-1785)
John Fletcher

John Fletcher


Fletcher, Joseph Francis
(1905-1991)
Joseph Fletcher

Joseph Fletcher

  • Episcopalian pastor
  • emphasized situation ethics
  • good is relative to the situation.

Flew, Anthony
(1923-____)
Antony Flew

Antony Flew

  • philosopher of analytical school
  • falsification theory
  • Also spelled: Antony Flew

FORMALISM
  • Any ethical theory in which the basic principles for determining our duties are purely formal.
  • See Ethical formalism
Forrest, Henry
(1500-1553)
  • Scottish Benedictine friar who became an evangelical but burned at the stake.
Forrester, David
(1588-1663)
  • Scottish preacher against legalism and Roman Catholicism.
Forret, Thomas
(1490-1540)
  • Scottish Roman Catholic preacher converted by reading Augustine
  • memorized 3 chapters of Latin Bible daily
  • burned at the stake.
Forsyth, Peter Taylor
(1848-1921)
  • British evangelical Congregational theologian
  • principal of Hackney College in London
Fosdick, Harry Emerson
(1878-1969)
Harry Emerson Fosdick

Harry Emerson Fosdick

  • US theologian, Baptist preacher, and author
  • wrote
    1. As I See Religion
    2. A Guide to Understanding the Bible
    3. The Modern Use of the Bible
  • popularized liberalism
  • against the fundamentalists
  • taught at Union (NY)

Foster, John
(1770-1843)
  • British Baptist
  • denied eternal punishment
  • quit ministry to become a writer
FOUR CAUSES
  • Aristotle's theory that cause is not only efficient (as an act or a force) but also material (as the potential of matter), formal (as something directed according to plan), and final (as something initiated by some purpose or end).
  • This theory of cause is seen in terms of a resulting end which is aimed at, but as yet it does not exist.
Fox, George
(1624-1691)
George Fox

George Fox

  • British and US founder of Quakers
  • sought to improve prisons and education.

Foxe, John
(1517-1587)
John Foxe

John Foxe

  • English Puritan clergyman who wrote Book of Martyrs which appeared in 8 volumes in 1563.

Francis of Assisi
(1182-1226)
Francis of Assisi

Francis of Assisi

  • emphasized imitating Christ through absolute poverty, humility, and simplicity
  • love for nature
  • followers began the Franciscan Order.

FRANCISCAN
  • Roman Catholic order begun by Francis of Assisi
Francke, Auguste Hermann
(1633-1727)
Auguste Francke

Auguste Francke

  • Lutheran pietist
  • mystic
  • pastor
  • founded University of Halle
  • influence George Müller

Frank
Frankl, Viktor
(1905-1997)
Viktor Frankl

Viktor Frankl

  • Jewish psychiatrist
  • imprisoned in German concentration camp
  • developed system of logotherapy

Fraser, James
(1639-1699)
  • Scottish preacher
  • imprisoned for his faith
  • wrote A Treatise on Sanctification: An Explication of Romans Chapters 6, 7 and 8:1-4
  • Alexander Whyte wrote his biography: James Fraser of Brae: An Appreciation
Fratrum
Frazer, James George
(1854-1941)
J. G. Frazer

J. G. Frazer

  1. Anthropology professor at Liverpool
  2. wrote The Golden Bough
  3. Positivist
  4. Naturalist

FREEDOM
Freeman, James
(1759-1835)
  • US Unitarian
  • founded first Unitarian church in US.
Frege, Gottlob
(1848-1925)
Gottlob Frege

Gottlob Frege


Frelinghuysen, Theodorus Jacobus
(c 1691-1748)
  • US Dutch Reformed preacher who helped in Great Awakening
  • blended Reformed theology and Pietism.
Freud, Sigmund
(1856-1939)
Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud

  • psychiatrist in Vienna
  • Positivist
  • Naturalist
  • wrote
    1. Moses and monotheism
    2. Totem and Taboo
    3. Civilization and Its Discontents
    4. General Introduction to Psychoanalysis
    5. An Outline of Psychoanalysis
    6. New Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis
  • The Mind (self) is conceived as a dynamic unity of three interacting and interrelated components:
    • id: the unconscious driving force originally identified with sex instinct but later associated with the opposing drives of eros (life instinct) and arakne (death instinct)
    • ego: the conscious, thinking activity of self, calculatingly selfish in seeking its own satisfactions alone
    • superego: originally the censor or the conscience of the self as an internalized social morality developed entirely in early childhood and as the result of conflict between the id (as child) and society.
  • Ego or consciousness (mind in the usual sense) develops from the id in its encounter with the social and physical environment.

FREUDIANISM
  • says "Religion is a childhood neurosis and God is a father projection" (Freud).
  • See Neo-Freudianism
Froment, Antoine
(1509-1584)
  • French Reformed
  • associate of William Farel.
Fromm, Erich
(1900-1980)
Erich Fromm

Erich Fromm

  • German born American psychoanalyst
  • wrote
    1. Psychoanalysis and Religion
    2. Marx's's Concept of Man
    3. Beyond the Chains of Illusion.

Fulbert de Chartres
(c960-1028)
  • French Roman Catholic bishop.
Fulgentius of Ruspe
(468-533)
Fulgentius

Fulgentius


Fuller, Andrew
(1754-1815)
Andrew Fuller

Andrew Fuller

  • British Baptist founded Baptist Foreign Missionary Society which supported William Carey
  • expository preacher

Fuller, Charles E.
(1887-1968)
Charles E. Fuller

Charles E. Fuller

  • US Presbyterian
  • early radio preacher on "The Old Fashioned Revival Hour"
  • founder of Fuller Theological Seminary.

Fuller, Daniel P.
  • Son of Charles
  • He trained in Germany and became pro-neo-orthodox
  • Teaches at Fuller theologian Seminary
  • Wrote The Unity of the Bible: Unfolding God's Plan for Humanity.
Fuller, Richard
(1804-1876)
  • US Southern Baptist preacher
  • converted lawyer
  • President of Southern Baptist Convention
  • pastor for 24 years in Baltimore.
Fuller, Thomas
(1608-1661)
Thomas Fuller

Thomas Fuller

  • Anglican preacher and historian.

FUNCTION OF LANGUAGE
FUNCTION OF PHILOSOPHY
FUNCTIONAL CHRISTOLOGY
  • Emphasizes what Jesus did rather than who He was.
  • He was someone who acted on behalf of God not someone who was God.
  • The Bible makes only functional (not ontological) statements about Christ
FUNDAMENTALISM
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