- Reactance
-
- That part of the impedance of an alternating current circuit due to capacitance or inductance or both.
- A phenomenon associated with AC power characterized by the existence of a time difference between voltage and current variations.
- Reactionary type valve
- A unit which responds to fluid displacement and pressure, or mechanical linkage movement and force, to modulate pressure in a brake cylinder or chamber.
- Reaction distance
- The time needed to respond to a situation, translated into the distance required for this,
depending on the speed of travel; braking distance plus reaction distance equals the stopping distance.
Also see
- Reaction injection molding
- (RIM) A processing technique for the production of large foamed
automotive components,
based on the simultaneous injection of the liquid components and the
chemical reaction in the
mold. Compare
Polymerization. In some cases,
the
components are mixed immediately before being injected into the mold.
The term RIM is also
applied to refer to the plastic material produced by this technique, e.g.,
"RIM-PUR."
Also see
- Reaction rate
- A measure of the speed of a chemical reaction. The reaction rate depends on the rate constant, the number of reactants involved in the reaction and their concentration. For reactions that are otherwise slow, a Catalyst is employed to increase the reaction rate.
- Reactivate
- To restore the tackiness of a completely dried adhesive. Reactivated adhesives are useful in
that the adhering surfaces may be coated with adhesive and the surfaces mated again after short
term exposure. Reactivated bonds set almost immediately
Also see
- Reactivation Solvent
- To restore the surface tackiness in a dry adhesive film with a suitable solvent.
- Reactive power
-
- For sinusoidal quantities in a two-wire circuit; the product of the voltage, the current, and the sine of the phase angle between them. In a polyphase circuit; the sum of the reactive powers of the phases.
- The portion of electricity that establishes and sustains the electric and magnetic fields of alternating-current equipment. Reactive power must be supplied to most types of magnetic equipment, such as motors and transformers. Reactive power is provided by generators, synchronous condensers, or electrostatic equipment such as capacitors and directly influences electric system voltage. It is a derived value equal to the vector difference between the apparent power and the real power. It is usually expressed as kilovolt-amperes reactive (kVAR) or megavolt-ampere reactive (MVAR)
- Reactivity Adjustment Factor
- (RAF) An NMOG adjustment used in the certification of vehicles to the California emission standards to reflect reduced ozone forming potential of a fuel, especially alternative fuels.
- Readily accessible
- Having direct access without the need of moving or removing any panel, door or similar covering of the item described. Compare Reasonably accessible
- Read only memory
- (ROM) A non-volatile memory that stores information permanently. Information is placed into the memory at the time of manufacture and cannot be altered after the manufacturing process.
- Reagent
- A pure chemical substance that is used to make new products or is used in chemical tests to measure,
detect, or examine other substances.
Also see
- Real power
-
- For sinusoidal quantities in a two-wire circuit; the product of the voltage, the current, and the cosine of the phase angle between them. In a polyphase circuit; the sum of the active powers of the individual phases.
- The component of electric power that performs work, typically measured in kilowatts (kW) or megawatts (MW)--sometimes referred to as Active Power. The terms real or active are often used to modify the base term power to differentiate it from Reactive Power and Apparent Power
- Real-time four-wheel drive
- An automatic four-wheel drive engagement by means of an electro-hydraulic clutch or a viscous coupling incorporated in the drivetrain.
- Ream
-
- To enlarge (e.g., worn valve guides) with a Reamer.
- To finish a hole accurately with a rotating fluted tool.
- To finish a drilled or punched hole very accurately with a rotating fluted tool of the required diameter.
Also see
- Reamer
-
- A conically or cylindrically shaped tool with longitudinally cut teeth for manual or machine operation, used for precision finishing of bores.
- Tool used for enlarging holes previously formed by drilling or boring.
- Rear axle crossmember
- A tubular frame member at the rear of the body shell that incorporates the mounting points for the rear axle, e.g., on the VW Beetle and the Porsche 911.
- Rear axle differential
- A differential situated in the final drive of the transmission assembly in a conventional rear-wheel drive vehicle.
- Rear axle housing
-
The component which connects the drive shaft to the axle shafts.
Rear axle housing
- Rear axle ratio
- The number of times the rear wheels turn compared to a particular Transmission Speed. The higher the rear axle ratio, the slower the engine can run and still allow the vehicle to achieve a given speed. Also called Final axle ratio.
- Rear bulkhead
- The vertical panel across the width of the car that extends behind the rear seat backrest and separates the interior from the trunk.
- Rear corner panel
- The bottom corner of the rear fenders. For manufacturing reasons, often a separate panel.
- Rear corner valance
- The bottom corner of the rear fenders. For manufacturing reasons, often a separate panel.
- Rear deck panel
- The sheet metal panel extending from the bottom of the rear window to the rear panel and enclosing the cutout for the trunk lid, extending sideways to the top of both rear fenders. In some cases, this panel covers only the area between the bottom of the rear window and the front edge of the trunk lid.
- Rear derailleur
-
A bicycle component that moves the chain across the rear cogs thus changing the gear ratio and achieving what is referred to as a gear shift.
Rear derailleur
- Rear differential
- A differential situated in the final drive of the transmission assembly in a conventional rear-wheel drive vehicle.
- Rear end
- The back part of the body shell, extending approximately from the rear seat pan to the rear apron of the car, incorporating the trunk floor.
- Rear end lift
- The tendency of the back of a speeding vehicle to rise, reducing traction. It can be counteracted by a spoiler.
- Rear engine
- An engine located at the rear of a vehicle but outside the wheelbase (i.e., behind the rear wheels). Compare Front engine and Mid-engine car.
- Rear-hinged door
- A older type of door construction that had the hinges at the rear of the door so that the opening was toward the front (i.e., opposite to modern car doors).
- Rear lamp cluster
- A group of lights at the rear corners of a vehicle, commonly comprising tail lamp, brake lamp, back-up lamp, rear fog lamp, reflector, and signal light.
- Rear light surround
- A separate panel spot-welded at the juncture between the trailing edge of the rear fender and the rear valance to provide a mounting base for the rear lights.
- Rear Loader
- A refuse truck that is loaded at the rear usually with some kind of compacting mechanism.
- Rear panel
- A British term for Back panel.
- Rear quarter panel
- Often integral with the rear fender on newer cars, but a separate panel above the rear fender. There may be both an inner and outer panel which makes up the construction.
- Rear seat belt
- An inertia reel belt attached at each end of the rear seats; a passenger riding in the middle of the rear seats must be satisfied with just a lap belt, which many safety experts regard as inadequate. Some manufacturers (notably those from Scandinavia) are tackling the somewhat costly problem and providing secure lap and shoulder belts for all passengers riding in the rear seats.
- Rear sets
- Racing-style footrests mounted toward the rear of the machine to allow the rider to adopt a racing crouch.
- Rear side window
- One of several types of side body glass the side window between the B-posts and C-posts of two-door sedans and coupes, the rearmost side window of station wagons between the C-post and D-post, i.e., behind the rear seat backrest, and the third side window found on some four-door sedans behind the rear side doors.
- Rear spoiler
-
An aerofoil mounted on the rear deck or trunk, typically made of shock-resistant polyurethane with paintable matt black finish. It is effective only at high speeds, but frequently used for the sake of appearance. Most sports cars are equipped with front and rear spoilers (air dams and rear spoilers) to improve the aerodynamic performance by reduced lifting force.
Rear spoiler
- Rear tack strip
- A fixed or hinged bar on a convertible top which holds the rear end of the hood against the rear deck.
- Rear triangle
- A Bicycle frame triangle formed by the Chainstays, Seatstays, and the Seat tube.
- Rear valance
- A separate panel set below the rear panel which extends approximately from behind the rear bumper downward to protect the rear end from splashes of mud. In designs with a single-piece rear panel that incorporates the rear valance, the whole area is sometimes referred to as the rear valance or rear panel.
- Rear wash/wipe system
- An electrical system for cleaning the rear window, comprising a water pump, reservoir, and wiper.
- Rear-wheel drive
- (RWD)
- A configuration in which the rear wheels of the vehicle are driven.
- A vehicle that is pushed by its rear wheels, rather than pulled by its front wheels, has rear-wheel drive. In most configurations, the engine and transmission (usually located at the front of the vehicle) are linked to the differential by a long driveshaft. However some rear-wheel drive vehicles (like the older VW and Porsche) have the engine at the back of the vehicle where the engine is combined with the transaxle.
- Rear-wheel drive transaxle
- A rear-wheel drive construction incorporating a transmission-differential unit placed between the rear wheels of a front-engined car. The engine may be a front engine (as in most cars and all trucks), a mid-engine (as in some sports and racing cars), or a rear engine (as in some city cars, VW Beetle, the Porsche 911 series, and most buses); RWD ensures good acceleration without wheelspin even on cars with powerful engines; on most small cars, RWD has been superseded by front-wheel drive.
- Rear wheel spat
- British term for Fender skirt.
- Rear window
- The central window at the rear of a vehicle. Although the American term is
Backlight, most Americans still call it the rear window or back window.
Also see
- Rear window heater system
- A heating element that removes the fog, mist, or even ice from the inside and outside of the rear window (i.e., Backlight).
- Rear window louvers
- A plastic molding attached to the rear window which deflects sun rays to keep the interior cool; usually hinged to lift up for easy window cleaning. Also spelled louvre
- Reasonably accessible
- Having access to, but which first may require the removal of a panel, door or similar covering of the item described. Compare Readily accessible
- Réaumur scale
- A temperature scale where the freezing point of water at 1 atmosphere is 0° and its boiling point is 80° at the same pressure. Thus 1°C = 0.8°R. The scale was named after the French physicist, René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur (1683-1757)
- Reboard system
- A child restraint system typically installed backwards on the front passenger seat and having the benefit that the child's relatively heavy head is pressed into the back of the child seat instead of being displaced forward in a frontal crash. A system initially available only for babies, but originating from Sweden, they are increasingly offered for children up to six years old; some reboards cannot be used in conjunction with a passenger-side air bag system.
- Rebore
- To grind out a worn or damaged cylinder usually .25 mm or (.01") at a time to fit an oversize piston.
- Rebound
- The action of a Shock absorber to spring back to its fully extended
state. The opposite of rebound is Jounce.
Also see
- Rebound clip
-
A metal clip that holds the leaves of a multi-leaf spring together to keep them from separating sideways.
Rebound clip
- Rebound damping
- While compression damping controls the movement as the shock compresses as it hits a bump, rebound damping controls the movement as the shock extends back to its relaxed position.
- Rebound stroke
- The downstroke of a piston in a damper or shock absorber. Compare Compression stroke.
- Rebuild
- To disassemble a particular device, clean it thoroughly, replace worn parts, and reassemble it. Also called Overhauling or recondition. Engines, clutches, carburetors, and brakes are sometimes rebuilt as part of the maintenance or restoration of older vehicles. You can rebuild a part yourself with a kit containing instructions and part replacements, or you can buy a rebuilt part and turn in your old part for a core charge.
- Reburn
- An advanced co-firing technique using natural gas to reduce pollution from electric power plants.
- Recap
-
- Adding a top strip of synthetic or reclaimed rubber to buffed and roughened surface of a worn tire.
- The top strip itself
Also see
- Recharge
- The action of bringing a product back to its full or original level. Recharging a battery brings the Voltage back to its recommended level. Recharging the Air conditioner means filling the system with Refrigerant.
- Receiver
-
- (e.g., of radio remote control system) device that receives incoming electrical or radio signals. The opposite is Transmitter.
- A steel tubing and channel structure that accepts the ball-mount platform of a removable trailer coupler.
- Receiver-dehydrator
- Storage tank and filter for liquid refrigerant and containing a drying agent to remove moisture from circulating refrigerant. Also called Receiver-drier.
- Receiver-drier
-
- A device on the high side of an air-conditioning system, somewhere between the condenser and the expansion valve, which stores excess refrigerant and removes moisture from the refrigerant; consists of a tank, a filter, a drying agent, a pick-up tube, and, on some units, a sight glass. Also called Receiver-dehydrator
- A container for storing liquid refrigerant and a desiccant. Used in Chrysler Corporation and some import vehicles Compare Accumulator-drier.
- Receiver extension
- Used with Receiver Hitch Racks when the rack need to clear obstacles on the back of the vehicle (such as a spare tire rack).
- Receiver heating element
- Electrical resistance mounted in or around liquid receiver. It is used to maintain head pressures when ambient temperature is low.
- Recessed Head
- A screw head, having specially formed indentations or recesses centered on the head, into which a suitably formed driver fits.
- Recessed spark position
- A position where the spark gap is actually in the shell of the spark plug. It is used for racing and special engines.
- Reciprocating action
- A back-and-forth or up-and-down movement such as the action of the Pistons.
- Reciprocating compressor
-
- A positive displacement compressor with pistons that move back and forth in cylinders; rarely used for supercharging, more frequently used for air conditioning
- Compressor which uses a piston and cylinder mechanism to provide pumping action.
- Reciprocating engine
- An engine with a piston that moves to and fro, coming to a standstill at each reversal.
- Reciprocating single piston pump
- A pump having a single reciprocating (moving up and down or back and forth) piston.
- Reciprocation
- A back-and-forth or up-and-down movement such as the action of the Pistons.
- Recirculating-ball-and-nut steering
- A very popular type of Steering gear. It uses a series of Ball bearings that feed through and around and back through the grooves in the Worm gear and nut on the Steering shaft. The turning forces are transmitted through these Ball bearing to a sector gear on the pitman-arm shaft. When the Steering wheel is turned, the worm gear on the end of the steering shaft rotates and the movement of the recirculating balls causes the ball nut to move up and down along the worm. Movement of the ball nut is carried by teeth to the sector gear which in turn moves with the ball nut to rotate the pitman-arm shaft and activate the Steering linkage. The balls recirculate from one end of the ball nut to the other through a pair of ball return guides. This system is also called ball-and-nut steering or worm-and-recirculating-ball steering.
- Recirculating ball gearbox
-
A special version of the worm-and-nut steering in which ball bearings circulate between the nut and worm to reduce friction. Turning the steering wheel rotates the worm gear, which causes the ball nut rack to move up or down. Teeth on the outer edge of the ball nut rack mesh with the sector gear so that as the rack moves, it swivels the sector gear and Pitman arm. The ball bearings in the grooves reduce friction.
Recirculating Ball gearbox
- Recirculating ball steering
- A special version of the worm-and-nut steering in which ball bearings circulate between the nut and worm to reduce friction. Turning the steering wheel rotates the worm gear, which causes the ball nut rack to move up or down. Teeth on the outer edge of the ball nut rack mesh with the sector gear so that as the rack moves, it swivels the sector gear and Pitman arm. The ball bearings in the grooves reduce friction.
- Reclaimed rubber
- Reprocessed rubber (tires, inner tubes, rubber novelties), either synthetic or natural, used as an adhesive base. Because of characteristic advantages of low cost, good physical properties, wide tack range, tolerance of surface preparation, and high wet strength, these are the most widely used of the rubber based adhesives
- Recon
- A colloquial term for Reconditioned engine.
- Reconditioned engine
- A worn engine that has been given a new lease of life by reboring the cylinders, regrinding the crankshaft journals and generally replacing any worn or damaged parts.
- Reconstruction
- Road work which includes improving drainage features, rebuilding the road base, placing a new pavement, and shoulder work. Prior to reworking the roadbed, old culverts may be replaced, 4" plastic drain tile may be installed along the edge of pavement, and ditches may be cleaned or even relocated. The base work could be full-depth reclamation, or it could be placement of a new gravel base. The pavement will then be one or more layers of asphalt concrete. The finished driving surface could be an asphalt concrete "top mix," or a surface treatment. Finally, the shoulders will usually have to be reconstructed to match the elevation of the new road surface. County residents can expect to see days and weeks of activity with many varied pieces of equipment and trucks, interspersed with weeks of little to no activity while a previously completed treatment cures, and scheduling allows for the next stage.
- Recording ammeter
- Electrical instrument which uses a pen to record amount of current flow on a moving paper chart.
- Recovery/recycling equipment
- Equipment that must now be used when servicing air conditioner systems. This equipment captures refrigerant removed from an air conditioning system and stores or recycles it.
- Recreational vehicle
- (RV)
- Any vehicle (motorized or trailered) in which temporary camping is done. They are divided into seven categories .
- A British term for any vehicle used for pleasure rather than business or transport (e.g., dune buggy, quad) (i.e., an ATV).
- Rectifier
-
A device used to change AC into DC. Some small Motorcycles use a single Diode (half-wave rectifiers) for this purpose, the overwhelming majority use four diodes connected in a bridge which yields full-wave rectification.
Rectifier
- Rectifier diode
- A semiconductor diode in an alternator that converts alternating current to direct current.
- Recumbent
-
A bicycle in which the rider sits low between the two wheels. The seat is L-shaped. The rider's back is against the upright portion of the seat. His feet are almost straight forward. The pedals are ahead of the front wheel. The handlebar is often located below the rider.
ActionBent Recumbent
- Recuperative coil
- Secondary coil in glycol water forced-air furnace which extracts latent heat from combustion gases.
- Recycling
-
- Passing of flue gases from combustion in a furnace to a secondary heat exchanger to remove latent heat.
- The process of converting materials that are no longer useful as designed or intended into a new product.
- Red Book
- A listing of current vehicle prices, based on age, condition, and optional equipment; published by National Market Reports.
- Red flag
- A solid red flag is used to stop the race immediately. Generally races are stopped for bad accidents or weather. Occasionally, a multiple car pileup will halt a race. Wreckers and fire marshals clear the track of cars, debris and fluids. Alternatively, rain makes the surface of the race track dangerous. Once NASCAR officials authorize the race to start again, a green flag resumes the race.
- Red lead
- (pronounced LED) A poisonous, bright-red powder, soluble in excess glacial acetic acid and dilute hydrochloric acid; used for corrosion protection.
- Red line
-
- Top recommended engine rpm. If a Tachometer is used, it will have a mark (red line) indicating maximum rpm. Some tachometers mark the red line with a colored sector. Others have two lines the lower one marking the maximum allowable sustained engine rpm, the higher line indicating the absolute maximum rpm.
- (RL) Tires with a red Concentric line which were marketed in the late '60s and early '70s.
Also see
- Reduced body diameter
- Where the shoulder of a fastener equals the pitch diameter or less, which means the shoulder is smaller than the outside diameter of the threads. It would indicate that a fastener was not extruded during its manufacture. Also called Undersize body
- Reduced Crude Oil
- Crude oil that has undergone at least one distillation process to separate some of the lighter hydrocarbons. Reducing crude lowers its API gravity, but increases the handling safety by raising the flash point.
- Reduced inflation
- Lowering tire pressures to increase flotation in soft ground conditions such as mud or soft sand.
- Reducing adapter
- An adapter whose male end for the socket is smaller than the female end for the drive handle. Opposite to Increasing adapter.
- Reducing agent
-
- Any substance, such as the base metal (iron) or the sulfide ion that will readily donate (give up) electrons. The opposite of an oxidizing agent.
- A material which adds electrons to an element or compound in chemical reactions, i.e., which increases the positiveness of its valence.
- Reducing catalyst
- A catalyst such as rhodium which converts nitrogen oxides into harmless nitrogen and oxygen in a reducing catalytic converter. Compare oxidizing catalyst.
- Reducing furnace
- A section in continuous galvanizing lines in which the oxygen content of steel surfaces is reduced at 900-980°C by means of hydrogen.
- Reduction
- A chemical reaction in which an element gains electrons, i.e., has an increase in positive valence. Compare Oxidation.
- Reduction gearbox
- A gearbox located at the wheels, which reduces the drive speed and may also increase ground clearance; often found on 4WD off-road vehicles.
- Reduction of area
-
- Difference in cross sectional area of a specimen after fracture, as compared to original cross sectional area.
- A measurement like elongation which is related to the tensile strength of a fastener. While elongation measures the length of a fastener stretched to its breaking point compared to its original length, reduction of area measures the diameter of a fastener just before breaking compared to its original diameter.
- Redwood viscosity
- The number of seconds required for 50 ml. of an oil to flow out of a standard Redwood viscosimeter at a definite temperature; British viscosity standard.
- Reed
- A part of a reed valve made of flexible steel, or of glass fiber reinforced resin, attached to the valve case and normally closed. The reeds are designed to open readily under pressure from the incoming mixture, but will close rapidly once the pressure inside the crankcase reaches that of the surrounding atmosphere; in this way, the maximum amount of mixture is admitted and any back-leakage is prevented.
- Reed and Prince
-
A Screwdriver with a sharp pointed tip that is shaped to fit the crossed slots in the heads of Phillips screws. It is distinguished from a Phillips screwdriver which has a blunted tip.
Reed and Prince Screwdriver Tip
- Reed stop
- A component of a Reed valve used to limit upward travel of the reed.
- Reed valve
-
- A one-way valve used in a Two-cycle engine. It is made of a flat strip of metal that lies on the floor of the Crankcase over a hole connected to the Carburetor. As the Piston moves up, the Vacuum developed in the Crankcase lifts the reed valve off the hole. The vacuum causes the Fuel-air mixture to flow from the Carburetor into the Crankcase. Then, as the piston starts to move down, pressure increases in the Crankcase pushing the reed valve down, closing the hole and sealing the Crankcase.
- Wafer-thin metal plate located in the valve plate of an automotive compressor which act as suction and discharge valves. The suction valve is located on the underside of the valve plate; the discharge valve is situated on the top.
- Reed valve induction timing
- Using a Reed valve located in the intake system to control induction timing.
- Reefer
-
- A refrigeration unit which is mounted on a large truck to cool the contents in the trailer.
- A refrigerated trailer with insulated walls and a self-powered refrigeration unit. Most commonly used for transporting food.
- A ship designed for carrying goods requiring refrigeration.
- Reefer container
- An insulated container fitted with a refrigeration unit for carrying cargo requiring temperature control.
- Reface
- A general term for reconditioning of the interface between valves and their seats in the cylinder head; depending on valve seat condition, refacing may involve lapping, grinding, or cutting.
- Reference ignition pattern
- An oscilloscope pattern of an intact ignition system for comparison purposes.
- Reference input
- In a closed-loop control, the reference input is fed to a controller that changes a controlled variable in a controlled system to achieve a certain output condition or actual value.
- Reference mark sensor
- A magnetic pick-up attached to the flywheel for sensing the crankshaft position and transferring the signal to the electronic control unit, which calculates the ignition point; the reference mark sensor scans a pin or a hole in the flywheel and produces one output signal per crankshaft revolution.
- Reference pressure
- The fuel bowl is vented to the outside air to maintain a constant (atmospheric) pressure on the fuel, thus maintaining a constant fuel level as a point of reference for the other system in the carburetor.
- Reference signal
- A signal sent to the ECU, generally by the vehicle's fastest-moving wheel, which the ECU uses for comparison with the signals from decelerating wheels
- Reference temperature
- The temperature at which measuring tools and pieces being worked on must have the specified measurements; the reference temperature 20°C applies to all statements of technical measurements unless the contrary is expressly stated.
- Reference voltage
- A voltage provided by a voltage regulator to operate potentiometers and other sensors at a constant level.
- Refined petroleum products
- Refined petroleum products include but are not limited to gasolines, Kerosene, distillates (including No. 2 fuel oil), liquefied petroleum gas, asphalt, lubricating oils, diesel fuels, and residual fuels.
- Refinery
- A plant used to separate the various components present in crude oil and convert them into usable products or feedstock for other processes.
Also see
- Refinishing paint
- A paint sold specifically for resprays; many paint formulas used in the factory are not suited for respray equipment, so special paints for the repair trade are required.
- Refinish system
- The complete product lines and product support offered by many paint manufacturers for respray operations in body shops; these include all materials from primers and thinners to the topcoat plus additional respray products; all products are matched for optimum results.
- Reflectance
- The ratio of reflected luminous flux to that reflected from an ideal, perfectly reflecting surface when similarly illuminated.
- Reflectivity
- The ratio of the energy carried by a wave after reflection from a surface to its energy before reflection.
- Reflector
-
- A part of a headlight which receives light from the bulb and reflects it back through the lens.
- A part of a rear lamp cluster which reflects the light from headlights behind.
- Reformer
- A vessel within which fuel and other gaseous recycle stream(s) (if present) are reacted with water vapor and heat, usually in the presence of a Catalyst, to produce hydrogen rich gas for use within the fuel cell power plant.
- Reforming
- The thermal or catalytic conversion of a hydrocarbon fuel into more volatile products with higher BTU ratings.
- Reformulated Gasoline
- (RFG)
- Gasoline that has had its composition and/or characteristics altered to reduce vehicular emissions of pollutants, particularly pursuant to EPA regulations under the CAA.
- Gasoline different from that of gasolines sold in 1990, to
- include oxygenates
- reduce the content of Olefins, aromatics and volatile components, and
- reduce the content of heavy hydrocarbons to meet performance specifications for ozone-forming tendency and for release of toxic substances (Benzene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, 1,3-butadiene, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) into the air from both evaporation and tailpipe emissions.
- Finished gasoline formulated for use in motor vehicles, the composition and properties of which meet the requirements of the reformulated gasoline regulations promulgated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under Section 211(k) of the Clean Air Act. It includes gasoline produced to meet or exceed emissions performance and Benzene content standards of federal-program reformulated gasoline even though the gasoline may not meet all of the composition requirements (e.g., oxygen content) of federal-program reformulated gasoline. Note: This category includes Oxygenated Fuels Program Reformulated Gasoline (OPRG). Reformulated gasoline excludes Reformulated Blendstock for Oxygenate Blending (RBOB) and Gasoline Treated as Blendstock (GTAB).
- Fuel with less Volatility and reduced levels of toxic Hydrocarbons.
- Reformulated gasolines
- (RFG)
- Fuels with less Volatility and reduced levels of toxic Hydrocarbons.
- Gasoline blended with pollution reducing additives
- Refrigerant
- The liquid used in refrigeration systems to remove heat from the
Evaporator coils and carry it to the
Condenser. It absorbs and gives up
heat as it changes from a
liquid to a gas to a liquid. Freon-12
was a common
automotive refrigerant, but it has been replaced by C134A.
Also see
- Refrigerant-12
- The name applied to refrigerant generally used in automotive air conditioning systems and refrigerators. Also called Freon-12.
- Refrigerant control
-
- Device which meters flow of refrigerant between two areas of a refrigerating system. It also maintains pressure difference between high-pressure and low-pressure side of the mechanical refrigerating system while unit is running.
- Device used to regulate flow of liquid refrigerant into evaporator. Can be a capillary tube, expansion valves, or high-side and low-side float valves.
- Refrigerant cylinder
- Cylinder in which refrigerant is stored and dispensed. Color code painted on cylinder indicates kind of refrigerant.
- Refrigerated Foods cargo
- Truck content carried in refrigerated cargo bodies. Ice is included in this category. Refrigerated foods must be both refrigerated and food for human consumption.
- Refrigerated truck
- A commercial vehicle (usually a Straight truck) or a Reefer trailer equipped to maintain below-ambient temperatures.
- Refrigeration cycle
- The complete circulation of refrigerant through an air conditioning system as it changes
temperature and pressure, i.e., changes its state from vapor to liquid, then back to vapor.
Air-conditioning refrigerant in vapor form is pressurized in the compressor, air-cooled in the
condenser, and becomes a liquid which passes through the receiver-drier into the expansion valve
where it expands into low-pressure liquid. It then flows through the evaporator where it expands
again and starts to boil, absorbing heat from the core and cooling the air going into the passenger
compartment. The compressor draws off the low-pressure vaporized refrigerant and recycles it.
Also see
- Refrigeration oil
- A highly refined lubricating oil which is free of contaminants such as sulfur, moisture, and tar.
- Refrigeration unit
- A device that lowers the temperature through a mechanical process. In a typical refrigeration unit, electricity powers a motor that runs a pump to compress the refrigerant to maintain proper pressure. (A refrigerant is a substance that changes between liquid and gaseous states under desirable temperature and pressure conditions.) Heat from the compressed liquid is removed and discharged from the unit and the refrigerant then evaporates when pressure is reduced. The refrigerant picks up heat as it evaporates and it returns to the compressor to repeat the cycle. A few refrigeration units use gas (either natural gas or LPG) in an absorption process that does not use a compressor. The gas is burned to heat a chemical solution in which the refrigerant has been absorbed. Heating drives off the refrigerant which is later condensed. The condensed refrigerant evaporates by a release of pressure, and it picks up heat as it evaporates. The evaporated refrigerant is then absorbed back into the chemical solution, the heat is removed from the solution and discharged as waste heat, and the process repeats itself. By definition, refrigerators, freezers, and air-conditioning equipment all contain refrigeration units.
- Refueling Emissions
- VOC vapors that escape from the vehicle fuel tank during refueling. Storage II pump controls and onboard refueling vapor recovery systems (ORVR) are intended to control these emissions.
- Refundable deposit
- This is a refundable deposit required at lease inception. In some cases it may be used to satisfy the final monthly payment. It is sometime called a security deposit.
- Refuse-derived fuel
- (RDF) A fuel produced by shredding municipal solid waste (MSW). Noncombustible materials such as glass and metals are generally removed prior to making RDF. The residual material is sold as-is or compressed into pellets, bricks, or logs. RDF processing facilities are typically located near a source of MSW, while the RDF combustion facility can be located elsewhere.
- Refuse truck
- A cargo body style truck often with a hydraulic packing mechanisms or hydraulic arms for lifting dumpsters. Included are roll-offs, vehicles used for transporting refuse containers. Roll-off refuse trucks have rails or a flat bed and a hoist for loading and unloading the refuse container. Also called garbage truck.
- Regenerative braking
- A system in which an electric motor can be switched to a generator mode when braking, so that the kinetic energy involved may be stored in the battery.
- Register
-
- To align with. The two-stroke piston is provided with cut-outs that line up with the intake ports as the piston moves up and down in the bore, i.e., they register with the ports. The fresh charge can thus enter the crankcase.
- Combination grille and damper assembly covering an air opening or the end of an air duct.
Also see
- Registered keeper
- A British term for a person who keeps the car, i.e., who is registered and pays tax and insurance for the car, but is not necessarily the owner or the driver.
- Registered owner
- The person who owns the car, i.e., the car is registered in his name and he pays the license, tax, and insurance for the car.
- Registration
-
- Motor vehicle ownership that is filed with the province/state.
- The act of entering the details of a new vehicle in a supervised record.
- Registration document
- Papers giving details of a vehicle, including its manufacturer, date of registration, engine
and chassis numbers, and owner's name.
Also see
- Registration number
- A unique sequence of letters and numbers assigned to a vehicle when it is registered, usually indicating the year and place of registration, displayed on the vehicle license plate.
- Regrind
-
- To smooth and polish again (e.g., valve seats).
- A resin batch material produced by regrinding thermoplastic scrap and waste; such recycled material can be used to produce plastic parts which are not critical in terms of engineering properties or color, such as wheel arch liners or battery cases. The opposite is Virgin resin.
- Regrooving
- The act of cutting new tread grooves into the crown of the tire after the original tread is worn down. A practice which is legally forbidden in many places.
- Regular Cab
-
A pickup with two doors (one on each side of the vehicle) and a bed at the back.
Regular Cab
- Regular gasoline
-
- Gasoline which has the normal amount of octane and is less than premium or high-test gasoline.
- Gasoline having an antiknock index, i.e., octane rating, greater than or equal to 85 and less than 88.
- Regular grade gasoline
- A grade of unleaded gasoline with a lower octane rating (approximately 82) than other grades. Octane boosters are added to gasoline to control engine pre-ignition or knocking by slowing combustion rates.
- Regular threading
- A common name for Right-hand thread
- Regulator
-
- The device found in the panel of a vehicle door which lifts and lowers the window. It may be operated manually or electrically.
- Any device which controls fluid (gas or liquid) flow, pressure, temperature, voltage, etc.
Also see- Acetylene regulator
- Automatic Voltage Regulator
- Auxiliary Air Regulator
- Boost Regulator
- Crankcase Depression Regulator
- Current regulator
- Differential Pressure Regulator
- Draft Regulator
- Electronic Voltage Regulator
- Evaporator Pressure Regulator
- Exhaust Pressure Regulator
- Fuel Pressure Regulator
- Height regulator
- Integral Alternator regulator
- Oxygen regulator
- Pressure regulator valve
- Pressure regulator
- System pressure regulator
- Voltage regulator
- Warm-up Regulator
- Window Regulator
- Reheating coils
- A part of some air-conditioning systems. Electric coils in air ducts used primarily to raise the temperature of circulated air after it was over-cooled to remove moisture. Some buildings have reheating coils as their sole heating source.
- Reid Vapor Pressure
- (RVP)
- An indirect measure of the rate at which petroleum liquids evaporate. It is the absolute vapor pressure of a crude oil, or of single or mixed liquid petroleum products, as measured by the Reid Method.
- A standard measurement of a liquid's vapor pressure in psi at 38°C. It is an indication of the propensity of the liquid to evaporate.
- Normally measured in psi, RVP is a measure of the front end volatility of gasoline. This is important for getting a carburetor car started in cold weather. Summer RVP = 7 psi, and winter RVP = 13.5 psi.
- Reinforce
- To increase the strength of plastics by filling them with whiskers of glass, metal, fibers, etc.
- Reinforced reaction injection molding
- (RRIM)
- A reaction injection molding of reinforced plastics.
- The term also refers to the material produced by this technique.
Also see
- Reinforcement
- Any material, usually rubber and fabric, vulcanized to the tire to
return strength to the cord
body upon an injury.
Also see
- Relative atomic mass
- (ram) Mass of atoms of an element formerly in atomic weight units but now more correctly given on the unified scale where 1 u is 1.660 x 10-27kg, where u is the atomic mass unit. For natural elements with more than one isotope, it is the average for the mixture of isotopes.
- Relative density
- The ratio of the mass of a given volume of a substance to the mass of an equal volume of water at a temperature of 4°C. The older term was Specific gravity
- Relative humidity (RH)
-
- A dimensionless ratio of the actual vapor pressure of the air to the saturation vapor pressure
- Ratio of (difference between) amount of water vapor present in air to greatest amount possible at same temperature.
- Relay
-
- An electro-magnetically operated switch used to make and break the flow of Current in a circuit. As low amperage Current is passed through one circuit of the relay, it switches and permits a greater Current through another line. For example, when installing Auxiliary lights with a heavy draw, the stock light switch may not be able to take the Current. Thus a relay is installed so that when the light switch is turned on, low Current is sent to the relay. The relay closes the circuit of heavy wiring directly from the Battery to the lights. Also called Cutout and Circuit breaker.
- An automatic device which controls the setting of a valve, switch, etc. by means of an electric motor, solenoid, or pneumatic mechanism.
- An electromagnetic switch using a small amount of current in one circuit to control a second circuit using a greater current flow.
- A common practice in the less-than-truckload industry, in which one driver takes a truck for 8 to 10 hours, then turns the truck over to another driver, pony express style. Also called relay driving
- An electrical switch that transmits impulses from one component to another
- Relay driving
- A common practice in the less-than-truckload industry, in which one driver takes a truck for 8 to 10 hours, then turns the truck over to another driver, pony express style.
- Relay emergency valve
- A relay valve which also provides for automatic application of the trailer brakes in case of a breakaway or loss of pressure in the trailer supply (emergency) line.
- Release agent
- A substance to prevent a molding, i.e., a GRP part, from sticking to the mold and to facilitate its removal from the mold; as opposed to release wax, this is marketed only in liquid form.
- Release button
- A button at the end of the park brake lever which, when depressed, allows the pawl to be released from the ratchet.
- Reliability
- The quality of an item to perform a required function under stated conditions
for a stated period of time.
Also see
- Relief
-
- Amount one surface is set below or above another surface.
- The amount one plane surface of a piece is set below or above another plane, usually for clearance or for economy in machining.
- Relief valve
-
- A safety valve designed to forestall the development of a dangerous condition by relieving either pressure, temperature, or vacuum in a fluid based system.
- A valve in the air pump of an air injection system which dumps part of the air at high pump speeds to prevent pump damage. It may be combined with the air gulp valve.
- Safety device on a sealed system. It opens to release fluids before dangerous pressure is reached.
- Relieve
- To remove, by grinding, the small lip of metal between the Valve seat
area and the Cylinder and removing any other metal considered necessary to
improve the flow of fuel mixture into the cylinders. Porting is generally done
at the same time.
Also see
- Relieving
- Removal of some metal from around racing engine valves and between cylinder and valves to facilitate flow
of gases.
Also see
- Reluctance
-
- A force working against the passage of magnetic lines of force (flux) through a magnetic substance.
- The characteristic of a magnetic material which resists the flow of magnetic lines of force through it
- Reluctor
- A ferrous metal piece attached to the distributor shaft. Made up of teeth of
which the number are the same as the number of engine cylinders. As the reluctor
teeth pass through the pick-up magnetic field, an alternating current is
generated in the pick-up coil. Also called an Armature
Also see
- Remanufacturing
- The process of taking a used part and returning it to Original equipment (OE) Specifications through disassembly and cleaning of the core, testing, and remachining or replacement of worn components.
- Re-metalling the bearings
- A bearing repair method used on pre-war engines with poured bearings instead of Babbitt metal inserts. The Babbitt metal is poured into the bearing surfaces and is then scraped until a correct bearing surface is established.
- Remote bulb
- A sensing device connected to the expansion valve by a capillary tube. The bulb senses the temperature of the evaporator outlet pipe and controls the expansion valve accordingly.
- Remote choke
- Vacuum diaphragm is mounted on the carburetor, but the bimetal spring is mounted either on a pad on the intake manifold or in a heat well in the exhaust man. Choke lever is operated by a mechanical linkage rod from the bimetal spring. Also called Divorced choke.
- Remote controller
- Energy control device capable of controlling multiple devices. It can be located away from the devices it is controlling.
- Remote keyless entry
- A system where the door locks can be opened or locked by a small hand-held switching device located several meters/feet away. Some also contain a panic button that causes the lights to flash and the horn to honk if an intruder is seen near the vehicle. Most remote keyless entry devices turn on the vehicle's interior lights while unlocking the driver's door.
- Remote mirror
- An outside mirror that is adjusted by a toggle device inside the passenger compartment. Older styles relied on a cable that transferred physical movement from the toggle to the mirror. On newer vehicles, the mirror is controlled by electrical controls.
- Remote power element control
- Device with sensing element located apart from operating mechanism it controls.
- Remote starter switch
- A special automotive tool that allows the ignition switch to be bypassed for cranking the engine.
- Removal
- The act of taking a component off a basic unit with the intention of disassembly or replacement.
- Renault
-
A vehicle brand of which the following models with required application are classic cars:
Click image for books on
Renault- 1925-28 45 HP (40 CV)
- 1929-34 40 hp (41CV) Reinastella and Reinasport
- 1930-39 Nervahuit, Nervastella, Nervasport, and Suprastella 8 cylinder
- Renewable Energy
- Energy obtained from sources that are essentially inexhaustible, unlike fossil fuels. It includes conventional hydro-electric, wood, bio-feedstocks, waste, geothermal, wind, photovoltaic, and solar thermal energy.
- Reo
- A vehicle brand of which the following models are
classic cars:
- 1931-33 Royale 8-31, Royale 8-35, Royale 8-52, and Royale Custom 8
- 1934 N1, N2, and 8-52
- Repair
- To restore something to working condition, e.g., by reconditioning, rebuilding, or replacing.
- Repair kit
- A package of the parts needed to repair a particular component (e.g., carburetor, generator, pump, universal joint, etc.).
- Repair link
- A link in some motorcycle and bicycle chains that can be easily disassembled for chain repair
- Repair manual
- A book which details the procedure for repairing one or more components of a vehicle. Compare Service manual.
- Repair section
- A special panel supplied for body repairs that does not include the full panel used for assembling the car but only the most vulnerable areas; i.e., for fenders, separate repair sections are supplied for the headlight area and the bottom fender edges, where damage usually occurs. Compare Replacement panel.
- Replaceable derailleur hanger
- A type of derailleur hanger that can be easily replaced using hand tools if it gets damaged
- Replacement panel
- A body panel supplied for repair purposes; sometimes also used to denote a repair section.
- Replacement vehicle
-
- A car loaned by a dealer to a customer while the customer's car is under repair.
- A vehicle which is acquired in order to take the place of a vehicle which is being retired from service. These acquisitions do not increase the size of the company fleet.
- Replenishing port
-
- An opening in the master cylinder body which connects the fluid reservoir to the Annulus of the primary piston. Compare Compensating port. In a tandem master cylinder, there is one replenishing port for each piston. It is the first port as seen from the pushrod end of the master cylinder and it is always open. Also called a Breather port
- Breather port
- The opening between the fluid reservoir and the low-pressure chamber that keeps the chamber filled with fluid.
- Repli-racers
- Hard-edged sportbikes. These motorcycle are characterized by riding positions that tuck the rider into an extreme crouch, forcing him to practically lay down on the fuel tank
- Repro
- Abbreviation for Reproduction
- Reproduction
- Parts or complete vehicles that have been manufactured to closely follow or exceed original Specifications, materials, and performance. Also called repro or repros. These parts often are so perfect that not even a Concours judge can tell that they are not NOS or OEM.
- Repulsion-start induction motor
- An electric motor type which has an electrical winding on the rotor for starting purposes.
- Required ignition voltage
- The maximum high voltage required to produce a spark under particular conditions.
- RES
-
- An abbreviation for resume on a cruise control switch which sets the cruise speed back to what it was after being shut off.
- A Ballast resistor.
- Research & development
- (R&D) Basic and applied research in the sciences and engineering and the design and development of prototypes and processes, excluding quality control, routine product testing, market research, sales promotion, sales service, research in the social sciences or psychology, and other non-technological activities or technical services.
- Research octane number
- (RON)
- A fuel octane rating determined by the research octane test
- The octane as tested in a single-cylinder octane test engine operated under less severe operating conditions. RON affects low- to medium-speed knock and engine run-on. Research Octane is presented by the designation R in the (R+M)/2 equation and is the higher of the two numbers.
Also see
- Reserve
-
- The amount left in the fuel tank. On many motorcycles there is no gas gauge. Instead, the fuel tap has two settings. The regular setting allows most of the fuel to be used. When this amount is finished, the fuel tap can be adjusted so that the remaining portion can be used. During this time, it is wise to fill up the tank.
- A kickback the bank gives the dealer for setting up the loan. The income a dealership realized on a contract in excess of the finance source's discount rate. For example: If the bank is going to charge $600.00 in finance charges on a given contract and the total finance charge to the customer on this contract is $1,000.00, the dealership will realize $400 in reserve money but the customer thinks the interest is all being charged by the bank.
- Reservoir
-
- Any container filled with fluid.
- The space between the outer and inner tubes of a double-tube shock absorber which takes up the oil squeezed out of the working chamber corresponding to the volume of the piston rod immersed in the working chamber.
- A container attached to the master cylinder, either directly or by hoses, that stores extra brake fluid for the hydraulic system
- Reservoir diaphragm gasket
- The gasket under the master cylinder reservoir cap separating the fluid from the atmosphere. Moves with fluid to allow venting above the fluid.
- Reshaping
-
- A panel beating process for removing dents the panel is brought roughly into its original shape before detailed work is performed in the finishing stage.
- The process of forming a panel from sheet steel.
- Residential vehicles
- Motorized vehicles used by U.S. households for personal transportation. Excluded are motorcycles, mopeds, large trucks, and buses. Included are automobiles, station wagons, passenger vans, cargo vans, motor homes, pickup trucks, and SUVs or similar vehicles. In order to be included in the EIA survey, vehicles must be (1) owned by members of the household, or (2) company cars not owned by household members but regularly available to household members for their personal use and ordinarily kept at home, or (3) rented or leased for 1 month or more.
- Residual
- The termination value of an automobile that is being leased. The number on
the lease contract may be real or simply made up.
Also see
- Residual brake pressure type check valve
- A two-function unit in which one function either restricts fluid from the brake wheel cylinder(s) or retains a pressure in the brake wheel cylinder(s) at the time of brake release, and in which the other function permits fluid compensation for fluid volume changes.
- Residual discount
- If the end-of-lease purchase price (stated residual value) is greater than the expected end-of-lease value (expected residual value), the dollar difference represents the value of the vehicle that you will not pay for during the lease.
- Residual exhaust gases
- The exhaust gas remaining in the cylinder of a two-stroke engine after the exhaust ports have been closed, i.e., these gases have not been scavenged.
- Residual Fuel Oil
-
- Heavy fuel oils produced from the non-volatile residue from the fractional distillation process. Heavy oils that are leftovers from various refining processes. Heavy black oils used in marine boilers and in heating plants.
- A general classification for the heavier oils, known as No. 5 and No. 6 fuel oils, that remain after the distillate fuel oils and lighter hydrocarbons are distilled away in refinery operations. It conforms to ASTM Specifications D 396 and D 975 and Federal Specification VV-F-815C. No. 5, a residual fuel oil of medium viscosity, is also known as Navy Special and is defined in Military Specification MIL-F-859E, including Amendment 2 (NATO Symbol F-770). It is used in steam-powered vessels in government service and inshore powerplants. No. 6 fuel oil includes Bunker C fuel oil and is used for the production of electric power, space heating, vessel bunkering, and various industrial purposes.
- Residual penalty
- If the end-of-lease purchase price (stated residual value) is less than the expected end-of-lease value (expected residual value), the dollar difference represents the additional value of the vehicle you'll pay for during the lease.
- Residual pressure
-
- Fuel pressure maintained within the system after engine shutdown.
- Pressure remaining in a hydraulic circuit after the brakes have been released
- Residual pressure check valve
- A small valve, usually located in the outlet port(s) of the master cylinder, which maintains a certain amount of positive pressure in the hydraulic circuit(s) when the brakes are released.
- Residual pressure valve
- A valve mounted in the cylinder outlet between piston and brake lines of drum brake circuits. It maintains a certain minimum pressure in the system. Disc brakes do not require a residual pressure valve.
- Residue gas
- Natural gas from which natural gas processing plant liquid products and, in some cases, nonhydrocarbon components have been extracted.
- Residuum
- Residue from crude oil after distilling off all but the heaviest components, with a boiling range greater than 538°C.
- Resilience
- Capability of a sealer or coating to return to is original size and shape after deformation
- Resilient mounting
- A suspension system or cushioned mounting designed to reduce the transmission of normal electric motor noise and vibration to the mounting surface
- Resin
-
- A secretion from trees used in Varnishes, printing ink, and plastic as a binder.
- A synthetic product with some of the same physical properties as the plant secretion.
- A liquid plastic used in body work.
- Synthetic plastic adhesive.
- Resist
- A substance applied onto aluminum pieces before etching; no surface particles are removed where the surface is covered with the protective coating.
- Resistance
-
- An opposing force.
- A measure of a Conductor's ability to Retard the flow of electricity.
- An opposition to flow or movement; a coefficient of friction.
- (R) The degree of obstacle presented by a material to the flow of electrical current. Resistance is measured in ohms. R is the symbol
- Resistance shrinking
- Ripples in the bodywork are removed by shrinking the panel with the aid of heat from an electric current provided by the electrode of a special tool which is brought into contact with the rippled area.
- Resistance thermometer
- An electrical temperature sensor which, in contrast to a thermocouple, needs an external voltage supply; the actual sensing element is a resistor whose resistance is an accurate indication of the temperature.
- Resistance welding
- Fusing metals using the resistance of the metals to the flow of electricity, as the source of heat.
- Resistivity
- The ability of a material not to conduct electricity. The opposite is Conductivity.
- Resistor spark plug
- A Spark plug containing a Resistor designed to shorten both the capacitive and inductive phases of the Spark. This will suppress radio interference and lengthen Electrode life. Using a non-resistor Spark plug may also damage a CDI box.
- Re-sleeve
- This is a term used of the Piston
Cylinders. The old cylinder
Inserts are completely removed and new inserts or sleeves
are pressed in. This action is done when the cylinder cannot be rebored.
Also see
- Resonator
-
- A small Muffler-like device that is placed into the Exhaust system near the end of the Tail pipe. It is used to provide additional silencing of the exhaust.
- Any device that attenuates pressure spikes.
Also see
- Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
- Federal act that covers businesses that generate, transport, or manage hazardous wastes.
- Respirable Combustible Dust
- (RCD) A method of measuring ambient DPM exposures using a combustion process. Also used in underground mines in Canada.
- Response
- Any activity to plow, sand, or otherwise remove snow and ice or reduce hazardous conditions due to snow and ice
- Restoration
- The act of working on a vehicle with such care as to bring it back to its Original condition (including original parts, paint, chroming processes, etc.) rather than merely Rebuilding or repairing one.
- Restorationitis
- A term coined by Mark A. Rock of Columbia Station, OH. A quasi-disease which affects a person with a
restorable vehicle so that he feels compelled to work on his vehicle rather than eat, sleep, or anything
else. While working on his vehicle to repair or replace a particular part, the disease compels him to
disassemble, clean, polish, repair, etc. everything associated with the initial part and he justifies his
actions by saying, "While I am at it, I might as well do it right."
Also see
- Restraint system
- A general term for occupant safety systems such as seat belts, belt tensioners, air bags, child seats, etc.
- Restrictor
-
- A porous device located in vacuum lines to delay vacuum applied to diaphragms.
- A device for producing a deliberate pressure drop or resistance in a line by reducing the cross-sectional flow area.
Also see
- Restrictor plate
- A plate attached to the carburetor that limits the amount of airflow entering the combustion chamber. It decreases horsepower.
- Rest stop
- A place at the side of a road where drivers can stop (to rest). The British term is "lay-by".
- Rest-um-up
- Trucker slang for a roadside rest area as in "Can anyone tell me where the next eastbound rest-em-up is?"
- Resume
- A switch on the cruise control system. If you are driving on cruise control, for example at 100 kph, and approach some slow traffic, you would normally apply the brakes. This action will disengage the cruise control and allow you to slow down. Once you are past the slow traffic, you can go back to the speed you had previously set by simply hitting the "resume" button. The vehicle will accelerate to that speed.
- Resurfacing
-
- If the cylinder head is warped due to thermal differences, its mating surface will have to be machined to ensure first that a level surface is created and second that the engine's compression ratio is not increased above a tolerable value.
- The process of machining a brake drum or disc on a brake lathe to remove surface imperfections from the friction surface. Resurfacing is also done after a rotor is turned to give the friction surfaces a non-directional finish.
- The addition of a layer or layers of paving material to provide additional structural integrity, improve serviceability, and rideability.
- Retail motor gasoline prices
- Motor gasoline prices calculated each month by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) in conjunction with the construction of the Consumer Price Index.
- Retainer spring tool
- A special automotive tool used on drum brakes for restraining the shoe retaining springs for removal and installation. It comes in a variety of shapes, e.g., as a screwdriver-type tool with a special socket end to grip retaining washers.
- Retaining spring
- A spring used to connect the lower ends of a pair of brake shoes and to hold them in contact with the star wheel adjuster.
- Retard
-
- To set the Ignition timing so that a Spark occurs later or less degrees before TDC. It involves adjusting the Camshaft, Distributor spark, or valve operation. In this way, the Spark plugs fire or the valves open later in the cycle.
- The device for doing this action.
- The opposite of advance.
- Retarder
-
- An additive to decrease the evaporation rate of a thinner or reducer in paint; used to improve viscosity in hot weather.
- A substance which slows down the chemical process of something. Compare Accelerator
- An auxiliary brake used on commercial vehicles and coaches (it is a
requirement in some European countries).
- The most common type is called a Jake Brake because the predominant manufacturer is Jacobs Vehicle Equipment Co.
- Other types of retarders include exhaust retarders, transmission-mounted hydraulic retarders and axle-mounted electromagnetic retarders.
- Also called
- Retire from service
- A vehicle is retired from service if that vehicle is placed out of service and there are no future plans to return that vehicle to service.
- Retractable aerial
- A telescopic aerial or Power antenna.
- Retracting spring
- Used to pull the brake shoes away from the drum when the brake pedal is released. Also pushes the wheel cylinder piston back into its bore, returning the brake fluid to the master cylinder.
- Retractor
- A seat belt device which locks the reel of a seat belt when the forward acceleration of the occupants exceeds a certain value.
- Retread
-
- A means of extending the life of a tire that has worn its original tread, yet still has a sound carcass. The Casing is prepared by buffing off tread rubber and vulcanizing new tread rubber stock in its place.
- A casing to which tread rubber has been affixed to extend the useable life of the tire after the original tread has been worn out.
- The term in some parts of the USA and Australia is recap.
Also see
- Retrofit
-
- To equip a vehicle with new parts after it has been manufactured.
- To rework an older installation to bring it up to date with modern equipment or to meet new code requirements.
Also see
- Return spring
-
- A spring which is attached to a lever so that when the lever is moved in one direction, the spring forces it back.
- Springs used on drum brakes to pull the brake shoes away from the drums when the brakes are released
- Return sweep
- A body panel section presenting a concave appearance; its most common function is to strengthen loose panel areas such as the finish along the wheel aperture of the fender.
- Rev
- Abbreviation for Revolution.
- Rev counter
- A colloquial term for Tachometer.
- Revere
- A vehicle brand of which the 1925-1948 models are classic cars.
- Reverse bleeding
- A method of purging air from a hydraulic system by forcing fluid into the system at a bleeder valve and allowing the air to escape at the master cylinder.
- Reverse clutch
- A clutch which couples the components of planetary gear sets or trains in such a way that the vehicle can be driven backwards.
- Reverse curve panel hammer
-
A specialized hammer used in repairing damaged body work
Reverse curve panel hammer
- Reverse cycle defrost
- Method of heating evaporator for defrosting. Valves move hot gas from compressor into evaporator.
- Reversed Elliot axle
- An axle design in which the axle beam terminates in an eye, the steering knuckle axis dividing as a yoke or fork-shaped end which straddles the axle beam end.
- Reversed polarity
- (Electrode positive-anode) referring to DC and causing electrons to flow from the base metal to the electrode.
- Reverse Elliot steering knuckle
- Type of axle construction in which steering spindle straddles ends of axle beam.
- Reverse-Elliot type axle
- A solid bar front axle on which the Steering knuckles span or straddle the axle ends.
- Reverse-flow scavenging
- A scavenging system for two-stroke engines in which a cylinder has two pairs of transfer ports, at the front and rear respectively, with two exhaust ports located on either side of the two pairs of transfer ports; the incoming streams of mixture spread out like a fan, are deflected downward and expel the spent gases.
- Reverse flush
- Cleaning the Cooling system by pumping a powerful cleaning agent through the system in a direction opposite to that of normal flow.
- Reverse gear
- A very low gear for driving backwards, denoted by the letter R on a gear knob or gear selector.
- Reverse idler gear
- A gear used in the Transmission to produce a reverse rotation of the transmission Output shaft.
- Reverse inhibitor valve
- A valve which prevents the engagement of the reverse clutch in an automatic transmissions if the vehicle road speed exceeds 10 kph (6 mph).
- Reverse lock
- A steering condition where the front wheels are pointed in the opposite (reverse) direction of the turn. This technique is used in a rear wheel skid.
- Reverse process
- An immersion or combined spray/immersion process employed to apply two protective coatings which, in the case of body shells, replace the dip primer coat and the filler coat. The designation derives from the fact that the sequence in which the dip primer coat and the filler coat are applied is reversed. Compare Electrostatic powder coating.
- Reverse thread
- A common name for Left-hand thread
- Reversible fuel cell
- A type of fuel cell in which the chemical reactants undergo reversible reactions, such that the cell may be recharged with a separate power source if desired. For example, the hydrogen/oxygen fuel cell may be recharged by providing power for water electrolysis with hydrogen storage. Also called a Regenerative Fuel Cell.
- Reversible gear puller
- A puller with two or more reversible jaws, allowing it to be used for inside and outside pulling.
- Reversing light
- A British term for Back-up light.
- Reversing valve
- Device used to reverse direction of the refrigerant flow, depending upon whether heating or cooling is desired.
- Reversing warning signal
- British term for Backup alarm.
- Reversion
- Excessive heating of a cured rubber compound leading to deterioration of its physical properties.
- Revolution counter
-
- A tachometer, which measures the engine speed in rpm.
- A counter which counts the total revolutions of a shaft as opposed to rpm.
- Revolutions per kilometer
- (RPK) A measurement of the number of times a tire turns in one kilometer of travel.
- Revolutions per minute
- (RPM) The speed the engine
Crankshaft is turning.
Also see
- RPM.
- Rev range
- Automotive jargon for the range of speeds (expressed as revolutions per minute) in which an engine is designed to operate. The lowest point in the rev range is the idle speed; the highest point is the redline.