- C
-
- Abbreviation for Celsius or Centigrade.
- Abbreviation for Coulomb.
- Abbreviation for Comfort.
- Abbreviation for Carbon
- Symbol for the speed of light in a vacuum.
- C-3
- Acronym for Computer command control system
- C3I
- Acronym for Computer controlled coil ignition
- C4H
- A mixture of light hydrocarbons that have the general formula C4Hn, where n is the number of hydrogen atoms per molecule. Examples include Butane (C4H10) and Butylene (C4H8).
- C-4 system
- Acronym for computer-controlled catalytic converter
- CA
-
- An API classification for Diesel engine oil widely used in the late 1940s and '50s that operated in mild to moderate duty with high quality fuels; occasionally has included gasoline engines in mild service. Oils designed for this service provide protection from bearing corrosion and ring-belt deposits in some naturally aspirated diesel engines when using fuels of such quality that they impose no unusual requirements for wear and deposits protection. It was replaced by CB designated oil in 1949.
- Acronym for Cab/Axle describing the distance from the rear of the cab to the rear axle.
- CAB
-
- Acronym for Civil Aeronautics Board
- Acronym for Controller, Anti-lock brake
- Cab
-
- A taxi or car for hire.
- The closed part of a truck (or even a car) where the Driver sits.
- Cab Aside Engine
- (CAE) A truck where the driver's cab sits to one side of the engine as seen on refuse trucks and some construction equipment.
- Cabbage
- Trucker slang for a long steep incline in Eastern Oregon as in "I jammed the brakes pullin' off of Cabbage"
- Cab and chassis
- The front of a tractor trailer unit
- Cab-Behind Engine
- (CB) (CBE) Conventional style of a large truck which has a hood and an engine in front of the occupant cab.
- Cab chassis
- A truck Chassis which includes the driver compartment.
- Cab Forward
-
A truck that is similar to a cabover in that the cab is positioned ahead of the engine. Most commonly seen on refuse trucks and some construction equipment.
Cab Forward
- Cab-forward design
- A car design in which the front end is short and the footwells extended to the front axle. This design gave more passenger space and pushed the windshield further from the passengers
- Cabin blower
- An engine-driven pump, usually of displacement type, for maintaining an aircraft cockpit or cabin above atmospheric pressure. Also called cabin supercharger.
- Cabin differential pressure
- The pressure in excess of that of the surrounding atmosphere which is needed to maintain comfortable conditions at high altitude. For an aircraft flying at 9000m this differential would be about 60 kNm-2.
- Cable
- A cord generally made of strands of thin wire. Electrical cables are covered with a protective non-conducting material. Control cables are housed within an outer sleeve.
- Cable activated
- A device which is controlled by a cable. As a lever or pedal is engaged, the device is correspondingly moved. The longer the cable the less efficient is the system. Cables tend to stretch and fray with use.
- Cable-angle indicator
- An indicator showing the vertical angle between the longitudinal axis of a glider and its towing cable, also its yaw and roll attitude relative to the towing aircraft.
- Cablecar
- A tram pulled by a moving underground cable, in the same manner as the Cable railway.
- Cable clamp
-
- A device for securing a cable end to the point where it connects.
- A device which secures the outer sheath of a cable
- Cable crimp
- A small aluminum or plastic cap installed on the ends of bicycle brake and shift inner cables to keep them from fraying; also known as a cable end. The outer cable sheath end is protected from fraying by a Ferrule
- Cable end
- A small aluminum or plastic cap installed on the ends of bicycle brake and shift inner cables to keep them from fraying; also known as a cable crimp. The outer cable sheath end is protected from fraying by a Ferrule
- Cable form
- The normal scheme of cabling between units of apparatus. The bulk of the cable is made up on a board, using nails at the appropriate corners, each wire of the specified color identification being stretched over its individual route with adequate skinner. When the cable is bound with twine and waxed, it is fitted to the apparatus on the racks and the skinners connected, by soldering, to the tag blocks.
- Cable grip
- A flexible cone of wire which is put on the end of a cable. When the cone is pulled, it tightens and bites into the sheath of the cable, and can be used to pull the cable into a duct.
- Cable-laid rope
- A rope formed of several strands laid together so that the twist of the rope is in the opposite direction to the twist of the strands.
- Cable lock
- A thick cable with a lock at one end and which can be wrapped around a bicycle frame and a post to protect the bike from being stolen.
- Cable logging
- A system of transporting logs from stump to landing by means of steel cables and winch. This method is usually preferred on steep slopes, wet areas, and erodible soils where tractor logging cannot be carried out effectively.
- Cable railway
- Means of transport whereby carriages are pulled up an incline by an endless overground or underground cable.
- Cable-stayed bridge
- A bridge type for medium spans in which the decking is suspended by diagonal cables
attached directly to the supporting tower. Can be of fan or harp design. The decking
is always in compression and is self-supporting during construction.
Also see
- Cable-way
- A construction consisting of cables slung over and between two or more towers, so that skips suspended from the cables may be moved often over long distances. It is used for transport of ore etc. Also called blondin.
- Cabover
-
A truck or tractor design in which the cab sits over the engine on the chassis. The cabover is identified by the windshield being located directly over the front bumper and the driver is directly over the steering axle. Also called flat-faced, butt-nosed, or Cab-over-engine
Cabover truck
- Cab-Over-Engine
- (COE) A truck or tractor design in which the cab sits over the engine on the chassis. The cabover is identified by the windshield being located directly over the front bumper and the driver is directly over the steering axle. Also called flat-faced or butt-nosed.
- Cab Plus
- A type of pickup truck (by Mazda) which has a second row of seating; but unlike a Crew cab (which has four full size doors) it has a half-door that can be opened only after the main door is opened. The seating is usually a little more cramped than in a Crew cab. Also called Club Cab, Extended Cab, King Cab, Xtracab, Access Cab, Supercab
- Cabriolet
- French for convertible. A vehicle type similar to a sport coupé, it has a provision for converting to an open-type body (i.e., Convertible). A Rumble seat is a common on older vehicles, but not a mandatory feature. Mercedes-Benz distinguishes the cabriolet from the roadster in that the former has a soft-top which folds up while the roadster has a hard-top which is stored in the trunk. Also called a Drophead coupé.
- CACIS
- Acronym for Continuous AC Ignition System
- Caddy
- An euphemistic name for Cadillac
Also see
- Cadence
- The speed your bicycle pedals turn. Professional bicycle riders have cadence of over 100 rpm
- Cadence braking
- A braking method in which the driver rapidly depresses and releases the brake pedal to bring a vehicle to an emergency stop
- Cadillac
-
The following Cadillacs are classic cars
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Cadillac- All 1925-35 models
- All 12-cylinder models
- All 16 cylinder models
- All 1938-41 60 Special models
- All 1936-48 series #63, #67, #70, #72, #75, #80, #85, #90
- All V-63 from 1923
- All 1940-47 62 Series
- Allanté (1987-1993)
- Brougham (1985-1992)
- Calais (1965-1976)
- Castilian Station Wagon (1975-1976)
- Catera (1997-2001)
- Cimarron (1982-1988)
- commercial chassis (1935-83) used for funeral cars and ambulances
- Coupe de Ville (1949-93)
- CTS (2003-current)
- CTS-V (2004-current)
- DeVille (1949-2005)
- DTS (2006-current)
- Eldorado (1953-2002)
- Eldorado Biarritz (1956-64, 1976-91)
- Eldorado Brougham (1957-60)
- Eldorado Seville (1956-60)
- Escalade (1999-current)
- Escalade ESV (2003-current)
- Escalade EXT (2002-current)
- Fleetwood (1927-1996)
- Fleetwood Eldorado (1965-2003)
- Seventy-Five (1936-76)
- Seville (1975-2004)
- Sixty-one (1939-51)
- Sixty-Two (1940-64)
- Sixty Special (1938-1993)
- SRX (2004-current)
- STS (2005-current)
- STS-V (2006-current)
- XLR (2004-current)
- XLR-V (2006-current)
- Cadmium cell
- A reference voltage standard, giving 1.0186 V at 20°C. Also called Weston standard cadmium cell.
- Cadmium copper
- A variety of copper containing 0.7 to 1.0% cadmium. Used for trolley, telephone, and telegraph wires because it gives high strength in cold-drawn condition combined with good conductivity.
- Cadmium photocell
- A photoconductive cell using cadmium disulfide or cadmium selenide as the photosensitive semiconductor. Sensitive to longer wavelengths and infrared. It has a rapid response to changes in light intensity.
- Cadmium-plated
- Something that is covered with a coating of cadmium. It is usually used to protect aluminum and steel nuts and bolts
- Cadmium red line
- Spectrum line formerly chosen as a reproducible standard of length, wavelength 643.8496 nm.
- CAE
-
- Acronym for Computer Aided Engineering
- Acronym for Cab Aside Engine -- a vehicle with a cab off to one side of the engine as seen on refuse trucks and some construction equipment. The cab is designed for only the driver.
- Caesium
- British spelling for Cesium
- CAFE
- Acronym for Corporate Average Fuel Economy. Under CAFE, which was enacted in 1975, a motor vehicle manufacturer must place its U.S. automobile and light truck fleet sales in one of two vehicle fleets, either domestic or import, for fuel economy averaging purposes.
- Café racer
-
- Motorcycle modified to resemble racing motorcycles from the 1950s and 60s. They are called café racers because their owners supposedly raced from café to café in London, where the bikes first appeared in the 1960s
- An early Sportbike motorcycle which originated in Europe. They had a low Windshield and the rider was bent forward to optimize the flow of air. Its name came from those who raced from one restaurant (café) to another.
- Cage
-
- Any enclosure.
- On a front Derailleur of a
- Bicycle, it is a pair of parallel plates that push the
- Chain from side to side; on a rear
- Derailleur, it is a set of plates in which
- Pulleys are mounted to hold and guide the
- Chain from Cog to cog.
- Any device for holding or securing something, e.g., a bottle cage on a
- Bicycle.
Also see
- When referring to bearings, it is the part which holds the balls or
- Rollers in place. Usually called
- Ball cage.
Also see
- When referring to a vehicle, it is the safety enclosure called a
- Roll cage.
- The platform on which goods are hoisted up or lowered down a vertical shaft or guides; in mines, the steel box used to raise and lower workers, materials, or tubs. May have two or three decks.
- Cage pedal
-
A bicycle pedal that is surrounded by a cage. It is found on all terrain bikes.
Cage Pedal
- Cage rotor
- A form of rotor, used for induction motors, having on it a Cage winding. Also called squirrel-cage rotor.
- Cage winding
- A type of winding used for rotors of some types of induction motors, and for the starting or damping windings of synchronous machines. It consists of a number of bars of copper or other conducting materials, passing along slots in the core and welded to rings at each end. Also called squirrel-cage winding.
- Cailletet's process
- A method for the liquefaction of gases based on the free expansion of a gas from a higher to a lower pressure.
- Cal
- Abbreviation for Calorie
- CAL
- Acronym for Computer Aided Lighting
- Calais
-
A model of automobile built by Oldsmobile from 1985-91
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Oldsmobile Calais
- Calandria
- Closed vessel penetrated by pipes so that liquids in each do not mix. In evaporating plant the tubes carry the heating fluid and in certain types of nuclear reactor, e.g., CANDU reactors, the sealed vessel is called a calandria
- Calcination
- A process in which a material is heated to a high temperature without fusing, so that hydrates, carbonates, or other compounds are decomposed and the volatile material is expelled.
- Calcium chloride
-
- A chemical (salt) which is added to water in a liquid ballast.
- A soluble compound produced from calcium carbonate and hydrogen chloride generally used in cold temperatures (18° - -10°C) to deice roads or to pre-wet salt before applying to roads.
- Calcium magnesium acetate
- A compound produced from limestone and acetic acid used for anti-icing and deicing of roads. It is less corrosive than salt, but more expensive.
- Calcium sulfate
- Chemical compound (CaSO4), which is used as a drying
agent or desiccant in liquid line driers
Also see
- Calcium tungstate screen
- A fluorescent screen used in a cathode-ray tube; it gives a blue and ultraviolet luminescence.
- Calendering
- A thin layer of rubber inside the Tire casing which covers the carcass cords to protect them from moisture and to protect the tube from chafing by the cord body. In tubeless tires, calendering consists of a layer of air proof Butyl rubber.
- Caliber
- Also spelled calibre
- The internal diameter or bore of a pipe, esp. the barrel of a fire-arm.
- The arrangement of the various components of a watch or clock.
- Calibrate
-
- As applied to test instruments it is the procedure of adjusting the dial
- Needle to the correct zero or load setting to determine accurate measurements.
- Position indicators to determine accurate measurements
- Calibrated airspeed
- (CAS) In automobiles, speed is calculated by the rotation of the driving axle. In an airplane, however, speed is determined by the amount of air rushing past the plane. In a turn, air will rush past faster on one side than the other. Calibrated airspeed makes adjustment for this factor (called position error) and for any error in the instrument. Also called rectified airspeed
- Calibration assembly
- A memory module that plugs into an on-board computer and contains instructions for engine operation
- Calibration oil
- Oil which is used in a tester for checking injection nozzles, meeting SAE J967D specifications
- California Air Resources Board
- (CARB) The state agency that regulates the air quality in California. Air quality regulations established by CARB are often stricter than those set by the federal government.
- California Low-Emission Vehicle Program
- State requirement for automakers to produce vehicles with fewer emissions than current EPA standards. The five categories of California Low-Emission Vehicle Program standards from least to most stringent are TLEV, LEV, ULEV, SULEV, and ZEV.
- California Pilot Program
- Federal program, administered by the EPA under the Clean Air Act, which sets lower emission standards (relative to cars in the general U.S. market) for a set number of new passenger cars and light trucks sold in California. The program specified that at the beginning of 1996, there would be the sale of 150,000 clean vehicles in the state. Beginning in 1999, this was to increase to 300,000 annually. California must mandate availability of any fuel necessary to operate clean fuel vehicles.
- California Power Exchange
- A State-chartered, non-profit corporation which provides day-ahead and hour-ahead markets for energy and ancillary services in accordance with the power exchange tariff. The power exchange is a scheduling coordinator and is independent of both the independent system operator and all other market participants.
- California top
- A solid top with sliding glass windows on a touring car to replace the standard folding top in order to provide better weather protection.
- California wheel
- A name given to a spoked wheel produced by particular manufacturer. Although the wheel is popular in the East and Midwest of United States, it is not common in California or other Western states.
- Caliper
-
-
The clamping device on Disc brakes which straddles the rotating disc and by hydraulic action it presses the pads against the disc to stop or slow the vehicle.
Click image to supersize
CaliperAlso see
-
On Bicycles, the brake arms that reach around the sides of a wheel to press brake pads against the wheel rim.
Bicycle Caliper
-
(British spelling is calliper). An adjustable measuring tool that is placed around (Outside caliper) or within (Inside caliper) an object and adjusted until it just makes contact. It is then withdrawn and the distance measured between the contacting points.
Caliper
-
- Caliper gauge
- A Caliper (definition #3)
- Caliper mounting bracket
- The component that connects a brake caliper to the steering knuckle, hub carrier, or rear axle
- Calk
- To fill seams in a wood deck with oakum or hammer the adjoining edges of metal together to stop leaks. Also spelled caulk
- Calliper
- Alternate spelling for Caliper
- Cal-look
- A style modification of small vehicles which first started in California. Most of the chrome is removed and the vehicle is painted a bright color like yellow, light blue, and red.
- Calorescence
- The absorption of radiation of a certain wavelength by a body, and its re-emission as radiation of shorter wavelength. The effect is familiar in the emission of visible rays by a body which has been heated to redness by focusing infrared heat rays onto it.
- Calorie
- Two different calorie units are used by scientists. The calorie used by medical science is a small heat unit. It equals the heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius. The calorie used by engineering science is a large heat unit. It is equal to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water one degree C. In the SI system it is recommended that the Joule unit of energy be used in place of the calorie
- Calorific value
- A measure of heating value of fuel. Amount of heat produced by the complete combustion of a unit weight of fuel. Usually expressed in calories per gram or BTU's per pound, the latter being numerically 1.8 times the former.
- Cam
-
- A designed bump on a shaft or Disc which causes
a rocking motion in an adjacent part.
Also see
- A metal Disc with irregularly shaped lobes used in the Camshaft to activate the opening and closing of the valves and in the Distributor, to force the points to open.
- A stepped or curved eccentric wheel mounted on a rotating shaft. As a cam is turned, objects in contact with it are raised or lowered.
- The triangular piece of metal that fits between the rollers on rollercam bicycle brakes and moves the brake arms when the brake lever is squeezed
- A colloquial name for the Camshaft.
- A name for the Breaker cam.
- A designed bump on a shaft or Disc which causes
a rocking motion in an adjacent part.
- Cam-and-lever steering
- A steering system in which a conical peg mounted on a lever engages in a helically cut groove on a cylindrical drum. Also called cam-and-peg steering
- Cam-and-roller steering
- A steering system in which a tapered disc or a set of discs or rollers engage with a helically cut, tapered groove on a cylindrical drum
- Camaro
-
A series of Pony cars from the Chevrolet division of General Motors produced from 1967 to 2002. It is often misspelled as Camero because of a mispronunciation. It should be pronounced ka-MAH-roh, not ka-MERR-oh. The 1967-69 SS/RS V-8 and Z-28 models are Milestone cars.
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Camaro
- Camber
-
- The rise of a deck of a ship,
- Athwartship
-
A wheel Alignment adjustment of the inward or outward tilt on the top of the wheel when viewed from the front of the vehicle. Tipping the top of the wheel center line outward produces
Camber
- Positive camber. Tipping the wheel center line inward at the top produces Negative camber. When the camber is positive, the tops of the tires are further apart than the bottom. Correct camber improves handling and cuts tire wear. Camber is measured in degrees.
- Cambered axle
- An axle that has a slight arch which curves upward at the center so that the wheels can tilt outward at the top. In this way it is better than an axle which might sag under load.
- Camber thrust
- The side force generated when a tire rolls with Camber. Camber thrust can add to or subtract from the side force a tire generates.
- Cam bolt
- A bolt fitted with an eccentric that will cause parts to change position when the bolt is turned.
- Cam chain
- A Timing chain which controls the overhead camshaft.
- Camel
- A padded fender to keep a vessel away from a pier or quay to prevent damage to the hull or pier
- Camelback
- Uncured retread rubber in crescent shape, available in various widths and depths
according to size and type of tire being retreaded.
Also see
- Camelbak®
-
A brand name for a hydration pack that fits on the back of a cyclist or hiker. It is filled with water and has a tube placed within reach for supplying water for the user.
Camelbak
- Camel Grand Touring Prototype
- (GTP) An International Motorsports Association's (IMSA) premier racing category until 1993 when it was replaced by the controlled cars World Sports Car Championship. GTP cars were the most powerful and the fastest on most road racing circuits in North America at that time. Over the years, many automakers fielded factory teams in this series including Ford, Toyota, Jaguar, Nissan, and Porsche.
- Camera
- Trucker slang for Police radar unit as in "There's a local yokal with a camera just ahead."
Also see
- Cam follower
-
The unit that contacts the end of the Valve stem and the Camshaft. The follower rides on the Camshaft and when the Cam lobes move it upward, it opens the valve. Also called Valve lifter or tappet.
Cam Follower
- Cam grind
-
- A type of brake shoe arcing that produces a lining thinner at its ends than at its center.
- The intake and exhaust timing of a particular cam profile.
- Cam-ground piston
- A Piston with a Skirt that is ground slightly egg-shaped or oval-shaped. The widest diameter of the skirt is at right angles to the piston-pin axis. When it is heated, it becomes round. The design allows for a closer fit in the Cylinder so that there is a reduction of Blowby gas, cylinder scuffing, and Piston slap.
- Cam heel
- The lowest point of a cam opposite the lobe. Also called Base circle
- Cam lobes
- The bumps on a camshaft that contact and activate such devices as the Lifters, which operate the valves, and the Rubbing block, which causes the points to open and close, as the cam spins with the Distributor shaft.
- Cam lubricator
- A device, often in the form of a wick, for lubricating the contact breaker cam in the distributor
- Camper
-
A structure which fits into a truck bed for camping purposes. It usually has beds and possibly cooking and washing facilities. Also called a Truck camper or slide-in camper.
Camper
Also see
- Cam profile
- The shape of each lobe on a Camshaft. These shapes determine when the valves open or close.
- Cam pulley holder
-
A tool for securing the camshaft when other adjustments are being made.
Click image to supersize
Cam Pulley Holder
- Camshaft
-
A shaft with Cam lobes (bumps) which is driven by gears, a belt, or a Chain from the Crankshaft. The lobes push on the Valve lifters to cause the valves to open and close. The camshaft turns at half the speed of the Crankshaft.
Camshaft
Also see
- Camshaft drive
- A connection between the crankshaft and camshaft by means of gears, chain, drive belt, shaft, or eccentric shaft to maintain the ratio of 12.
- Camshaft drive belt
- A Timing belt
- Camshaft drive sprocket
- A sprocket attached to a crankshaft (either at one end or somewhere in the middle) which drives the camshaft with the use of a chain
- Camshaft gear
- A gear that is used to drive the Camshaft.
- Camshaft housing
- That part of the engine which encloses the camshaft and often other parts of the valve train.
- Camshaft position sensor
- (CMP) A sensor that signals to the (ECU) the rotational position of the camshaft. This enables the computer to more precisely time the fuel injection and ignition system for faster starting of the engine.
- Camshaft sensor
-
- A sensor that signals to the (ECU) the rotational position of the camshaft. This enables the computer to more precisely time the fuel injection and ignition system for faster starting of the engine.
- A trigger device found on some distributorless ignition systems that synchronizes when the proper ignition coil should be fired.
- Camshaft sprocket
- The sprocket on the camshaft which (through a chain) is driven by the Camshaft drive sprocket
- Camshaft timing
- The relationship between the opening and closing of the valves and the movement of the pistons must be coordinated. The camshaft which operates the valves must therefore turn in relation to the crankshaft by means of a timing belt or timing chain.
- Camshaft timing belt
- The rubber belt that transfers power from the crankshaft to the camshaft to operate it. The belt must be installed so it maintains the relationship between the camshaft and crankshaft so the valves for each cylinder open and close at the right time for proper engine operation, a factor called camshaft timing
- Camshaft timing chain
- The metal chain that transfers power from the crankshaft to the camshaft to operate it. The chain must be installed so it maintains the relationship between the camshaft and crankshaft so the valves for each cylinder open and close at the right time for proper engine operation, a factor called camshaft timing
- Can
-
- A tube in a canned motor pump which insulates the motor winding.
- A muffler.
- A container for liquid or other substances.
Also see
- Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement
- (FTA) Implemented in January 1989 to eliminate all tariffs on U.S. and Canadian goods by January 1998 and to reduce or eliminate many non-tariff barriers.
- Canadian Automotive Repair and Service Council
- (CARS) A not-for-profit organization established to serve the human resource and training needs of the Canadian car and truck repair and service industry.
- Canadian cross border shopping
- Cross border shopping describes the purchasing by Canadian consumers of products in the United States. Of particular interest is the decision by these buyers to obtain their products in the U.S., even though similar products are available in the Canadian market.
- Canadian Deuterium Uranium Reactor
- (CANDU) Uses heavy water or deuterium oxide (D2O), rather than light water (H2O), as the coolant and moderator. Deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen that has a different neutron absorption spectrum from that of ordinary hydrogen. In a deuterium-moderated-reactor, fuel made from natural uranium (0.71 U-235) can sustain a chain reaction.
- Canadian Environmental Protection Act
- (CEPA) act where the goal is pollution prevention and protection of Canadians from toxic substances.
- Canadian Gas Association
- (CGA) A trade organization representing all segments of the gas industry in Canada. Founded in 1907, it specifically represents distributors, transmission companies, producers, pipeline contractors, manufacturers and allied service organizations. CGA set up a standards writing, inspection and product certification program in the mid 1950's at a time when natural gas was being extended to Eastern Canada and the West Coast. CGA has been accredited by the National Standards Council of Canada to prepare National Standards of Canada in the area of equipment for use with natural gas and propane.
- Canadian Standards Association (CSA)
- The organization that sets safety standards for electric motors and other electrical equipment used in Canada
- Candela
- (cd) A basic unit of luminous intensity. If, in a given direction, a source emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 x 1012 Hz, and the radiant intensity in that direction is 1/683 watt per Steradian, then the luminous intensity of the source is 1 candela.
- Candle power
- A measurement of the light producing ability of a light Bulb.
- Candlestick barriers
- Plastic poles used to channel traffic. Normally used in long-term traffic control in lieu of orange drums in tight construction areas.
- CANDU
- Acronym for Canadian Deuterium Uranium Reactor
- Candy apple paint
- A bright color (usually red) paint (often with metal flakes) with a transparent clear coat
- Candy paint
- A bright color (usually red) paint (often with metal flakes) with a transparent clear coat
- Canister
- A small metal box or can. Usually refers to a container in an emission control system that contains charcoal to trap fuel vapors from the fuel system
- Canister air filter
- A Centrifugal force air filter
- Canister purge shut-off valve
- (CPSOV) a vacuum-operated valve that shuts off canister purge when the air injection diverter valve dumps air downstream
- Canister purge solenoid
- An electrical solenoid that opens the canister purge valve between the fuel vapor canister line and the intake manifold when energized
- Canister purge valve
- Valve used to regulate the flow of vapors from the evaporative canister to the engine
- Canned motor pump
- A glandless pump with a special type of submersible or canned motor, whose stator winding is insulated from the fluid pumped by a tube, the so-called can
- Cannibalize
- The action of removing good parts from one vehicle in order to put them into another vehicle.
- Cannular combustion chamber
- A gas turbine combustion system with individual flame tubes inside an annular casing.
- Canonical assembly
- Term used in statistical thermodynamics to designate a single assembly of a large number of systems
- Canopy
-
- The transparent cover of a cockpit.
- The fabric (nylon, silk, or cotton) body of a parachute, which provides high air drag. Usually hemispherical, but may be lobed or rectangular in shape.
- CANP
- Acronym for canister purge solenoid that opens the fuel vapor canister to the intake manifold when energized
- Cant
- Slope of rail or road curve whereby outer radius is superelevated, to counteract centrifugal thrust of traffic.
- Canted deck
- The flight deck of an aircraft carrier prolonged diagonally from one side of the ship, so that aircraft may fly off and land on without interference to or from aircraft parked at the bows. The British term is Angled deck
- Cantilever brake
-
- A bicycle Rim brake with pivoting arms mounted on Fork blades or
- Seatstays at or below rim level. The two brake arms are connected by a straddle cable with the brake cable attached to the midpoint of the straddle cable.
- A type of ATB brake characterized by having the two brake arms connected by a straddle cable with the brake cable attached to the midpoint of the straddle cable. This type of brake was used on ATB bicycles (as well as tandems, touring, and cyclocross bicycles) before the invention of the V-Brake
- Cantilever bridge
- A bridge formed of self-supporting projecting arms built outward from the piers and meeting in the middle of the span, where they are connected together.
- Cantilever deck
- A bridge where the deck slab is fixed above the main beams or trusses and is cantilevered beyond the outer beams or trusses.
- Cantilever load
- A load which tends to impose a radial force (perpendicular to the shaft axis) on an electric motor or gearmotor output shaft
- Cantilever spring
-
- A leaf spring which is mounted upside down and attached to the vehicle at its mid-point. This system is no longer in use in modern vehicles.
- A Quarter-elliptic leaf spring
- Cantrail
- The Roof rail
- Canyon
- A nuclear energy term for a long narrow space often partly underground with heavy shielding for essential processing of wastes from reactors.
- Cap
-
- A protective round cover which is secured to something.
- A covering over the bed of a truck.
- The base of a light bulb which fits into a socket.
- Cleaner air package system for reducing the amount of unburned
- Hydrocarbons in the automobile
- Exhaust.
Also see- Battery cap
- Bayonet cap
- Bearing cap
- Big-end cap
- Breast Cap
- Car cap
- Cold cap
- Distributor cap
- Double cap nut
- Dust cap
- End cap
- External mix air cap
- Filler cap
- Flip-top filler cap
- Fuel cap
- Full cap
- Gas Cap
- Hot cap
- Hubcap
- Idle Limiter Cap
- Inner cap nut
- Insulating cap
- Internal mix air cap
- Net cap cost
- Oil filler cap
- Orifice Cap
- Outer cap nut
- Pile caps
- Plug cap
- Pressure cap
- Pressure-vacuum Cap
- Radiator cap
- Roto cap
- Spark plug cap
- Spindle cap
- Top cap
- Valve cap
- Valve spring cap
- Capable of being fueled
- A vehicle is capable of being fueled by a particular fuel(s) if that vehicle has the engine components in place to make operation possible on the fuel(s). The vehicle does not necessarily have to run on the fuel(s) in order for that vehicle to be considered capable of being fueled by the fuel(s). For example, a vehicle that is equipped to operate on either gasoline or natural gas but normally operates on gasoline is considered to be capable of being fueled by gasoline and natural gas.
- Capacitance (c)
-
- The property which opposes any change in
- Voltage in an electrical circuit. The property of a nonconductor by which it stores electrical energy when separated surfaces of the nonconductor are maintained at a difference of
- Potential. Capacitance is measured by the ratio of the charge induced to the potential difference and is proportional to the area of the conducting plates and the dielectric constant of the nonconducting material, and inversely proportional to the separation of the plates (mks unit farad).
- Property of a nonconductor (condenser or capacitor) that permits storage of electrical energy in an electrostatic field.
- Of an isolated conductor, the ratio of the total charge on it to its potential; C=Q/V.
Also see
- Capacitance coupling
- Interstage coupling through a series capacitance or by a capacitor in a common branch of a circuit.
- Capacitance grading
- Grading of the properties of a dielectric, so that the variation of stress from conductor to sheath is reduced. The inner dielectric has the higher permitivity. Ideally, the grading is continuous and the permittivity varies as the reciprocal of the distance from the center.
- Capacitance integrator
- Resistance-capacitance circuit whose output voltage is approximately equal to the time integral of the input voltage.
- Capacitative load
- Terminating impedance which is markedly capacitative, taking an ac leading in phase on the source emf, e.g., electrostatic loudspeaker.
- Capacitative reactance
- Impedance associated with a capacitor. Has a magnitude in ohms equal to the reciprocal of the product of the capacitance (in farads) and the angular frequency of the supply (in rads s-1). Also introduces a 90° phase angle such that the current through the device leads the applied voltage.
- Capacitive discharge
- (CD) A type of Ignition system. It can be either all-electronic or Breaker point controlled. The primary power is drawn from the engine's Battery and put into the CD power supply, where it is changed from 12 volts Direct current to about 300 volts of pulsating Direct current that is stored in a Capacitor (Condenser). The release of this energy through the Coil is governed by a silicon-controlled Rectifier (SCR). When the SCR switch is closed, the Voltage stored in the Capacitor is supplied to the Coil, which acts as a voltage step-up Transformer boosting firing voltage to around 30,000 volts to fire the plugs.
- Capacitive reactance
- The opposition or resistance to an alternating current as a result of capacitance; expressed in ohms
- Capacitor
-
- A device which gives Capacitance, usually consisting of conducting plates or foil separated by layers of a dielectric. A Potential difference applied across the plates induces a separation of charge centers in the dielectric, thus storing electrical energy.
- Type of electrical storage device used in starting and/or running circuits on many electric motors
- A device that, when connected in an alternating current circuit, causes the current to lead the voltage in time phase. The peak of the current wave is reached ahead of the voltage wave. This is the result of the successive storage and discharge of electric energy
- Capacitor modulator
- Capacitor microphone, or similar Transducer, which, by variation in capacitance, modulates an oscillation either in amplitude or frequency
- Capacitor motor
- Single-phase induction motor with an auxiliary starting winding connected in series with a condenser (capacitor) for better starting characteristics.
- Capacitor-resistance law
- (C-R law) Law relating to exponential rise or decay of charge on capacitor in series with a resistor, and, by extension, to signal distortion on long submarine cables.
- Capacitor start
- Starting unit for electric motor using series capacitance to advance phase of current.
- Capacity
-
- The ability to contain or hold something.
- Maximum production attainable under normal conditions. With regard to normal conditions, the company's operating practices are to be followed with respect to the use of production facilities, overtime, workshifts, holidays, etc.
- The output of an electric motor or other electrical equipment.
- The volume of fluid which a pump can handle.
- A measure of the theoretical maximum amount of refrigeration-produced output, measured in tons or BTUs per hour
- Refrigeration rating system. Usually measured in BTU per hour or watts.
- Sometimes used to mean Capacitance
Also see- Ampere hour capacity
- Battery capacity
- Boiler Capacity
- Breaking Capacity
- Breathing capacity
- Bunker Capacity
- Carrying capacity
- Charge Capacity
- Energy
- Engine capacity
- Fuse
- Maximum Regulation Capacity
- Net capacity
- Nominal capacity
- Oxygen Storage Capacity
- Passenger capacity
- Ply rating
- Rated capacity
- Reserve capacity
- Seating capacity
- Specific Heat Capacity
- Top off
- Work capacity
- Capacity load
-
- A trailer loaded to the maximum legal weight limit.
- A load in a trailer that has reached its maximum available amount
- Capacity plan
- A plan outlining the spaces available for fuel, Cargo, ballast, fresh water, etc, with guides on weight and volume for spaces at various drafts and displacements
- Cap-and-pin type insulator
- A special form of the Suspension insulator
- Capillarity
- A phenomenon associated with surface tension, which occurs in fine bore tubes or channels.
- Capillary action
- The property of a liquid to move into small spaces if it has the ability to wet these surfaces
- Capillary tube
- A tube usually gas-filled, with a precisely calibrated length and inside diameter, used to connect the remote bulb or coil to the expansion valve or thermostat. A tube with a very small bore used for temperature gauges. Also called Pressure sensing line
- Capitalized cost
- The total price of the vehicle, in effect, its purchase price. In theory, the cap
cost should equal the amount you would pay for the vehicle if you were purchasing
the vehicle. When a lease is made, the dealer sells that vehicle to the leasing
company (for the cap cost), which then leases the vehicle to you.
Also see
- Capitalized cost reduction
- A fancy name for a cash down payment, money you pay up front that is applied to the final purchase price of a lease. A large cap cost reduction will, of course reduce the monthly payments, but it will also negate one of the big advantages of leasing. However, if you own your present car, you may be able to use it, as a trade-in, to satisfy the cap cost reduction to start the lease. Remember, you must pay sales tax on any cap cost reduction you make. Another source of capital cost reduction may be dealer or manufacturer participation. Dealers and manufacturers will sometimes lower the cap cost or offer a rebate that reduces the cap cost. A dealer or manufacturer cap cost reduction does lower your total out-of-pocket dollars, unlike a cap cost reduction that you must pay.
- Capital expenditures
- Expenditures to acquire or add to capital assets that will yield benefits over several accounting periods. Included are cost of procuring, construction, installing new durable plants, machinery and equipment where for replacement, addition or for lease or rent to other companies including subsidies.
- Cap nut
-
A threaded nut that is closed (blind) at one end often with a dome or acorn-shaped top. It is used to protect the projecting threads or to protect a person from being hurt by the sharp edge of projecting threads. Also called box nut or dome nut.
Cap Nut
Also see
- Caprice
-
A model of automobile manufactured by the Chevrolet division of General Motors from 1967-92.
Click image for books on
Chevrolet Caprice
- Capstan
-
- A stump with a vertical axis used for handling mooring and other lines.
- A vertical drum or spindle on which rope is wound, it is rotated by manpower or by a hydraulic or electric motor.
- Roller providing the constant speed drive in a magnetic tape recorder.
- Capstan-head screw
- A screw having a cylindrical head provided with radial holes in its circumference. It is tightened by a tommy bar inserted in these holes.
- Capstan lathe
- A cutting device (lathe) in which the tools required for successive operations are mounted radially in a tool-holder resembling a capstan; by revolving this, each tool in turn may be brought into position in exact location.
- Capstan nut
- A nut which is tightened in the same way as a Capstan-head screw
- Capstan screw
- A screw or bolt with a round head and one or more holes through it into which a bar may be inserted for securing or removing it
- Capstan winch
- A winch, generally mounted on or just behind the front bumper, usually run from an engagable extension to the engine crankshaft. The active component is usually a slowly revolving drum, about 15 cm in diameter, round which a rope may be wound to effect a winching operation. Has the advantage of being powered by the engine at idling speed and being a very low-stress unit that may be used all day without overheating or high electrical load.
- Capstat
- A wax-type thermostat at the base of the jet of a SU carburetor, which expands and
reduces fuel flow when the underhood temperature rises.
Also see
- Captive balloon
- A balloon anchored or towed by a line. Usually the term refers only to spherical balloons. Special shapes (e.g., for stability) are called kite balloons
- Captive finance company
- A Leasing or finance company which is affiliated with an automobile manufacturer or distributor.
- Captive import
- An imported motor vehicle or part manufactured by another automaker usually for sale under the brand name of the importer.
- Captive nut
- A nut which fits into a cage and is welded in place. This is done where the nut is not easily accessible.
- Captive Pallet
- A pallet for the exclusive use of a particular facility or company
- Captive refinery MTBE plants
- MTBE production facilities primarily located within refineries. These integrated refinery units produce MTBE from Fluid Cat Cracker isobutylene with production dedicated to internal gasoline blending requirements.
- Captive refinery oxygenate plants
- Oxygenate production facilities located within or adjacent to a refinery complex.
- Capture
- Any process in which an atomic or nuclear system acquires an additional particle. In a nuclear radiative capture process there is an emission of electromagnetic radiation only, e.g., the emission of gamma rays subsequent to the capture of a neutron by a nucleus.
- Cap wrench
-
A cup-shaped tool used to fit on one end of an oil filter in order to install or remove the filter.
Cap wrench
- Car
-
- A wheeled vehicle such as an automobile, a section of a train, or a streetcar. The word is an abbreviation of Carriage -- a device to carry people or goods.
- In an airship, the part intended for the carrying of the load (crew, passengers, goods, engines, etc.). It may be suspended below, or may be inside the hull of envelope.
Also see- 49-state car
- Bubble car
- Champ car
- City car
- classic car
- Collector car
- Compact car
- Company car
- Competition car
- Concept car
- Cult car
- Cycle car
- Donor car
- Dream car
- Edwardian car
- Electric car
- Estate car
- Executive car
- Family car
- Fleet car
- Formula Car
- Forty-nine state car
- Full-size car
- Funny car
- Ghost Car
- Hybrid car
- Intermediate car
- Kit car
- Large Passenger Car
- Luxury car
- Mass-produced car
- Mid-size car
- milestone car Society
- milestone cars
- Motor car
- Multi-storey car park
- New car dealer
- Open car
- Pace car
- Parts car
- Passenger car wheel
- Passenger car
- Pony car
- Production car
- Program cars
- Recycling car
- Shopping car
- Solar car
- Sports car
- Stock car
- Street car
- Sun car
- Super car
- Touring car
- Town car
- Veteran car
- Vintage car
- Volume car
- Car accident
- A collision between two or more vehicles (or between a vehicle and a stationary
object), whether the vehicles are cars or trucks. Some are minor like a
Fender bender while others are
Totalled.
Also see
- Car alarm
- A chime, bell, siren, or horn that sounds when a problem exists (e.g., door ajar, seat belt undone, lights on after engine is off, key left in ignition switch, unauthorized entry)
- Caravan
-
- A group of vehicles (belonging to one organization) which follows after one another.
- A British term for camping trailer or a mobile home.
- The name of a minivan produced by Chrysler (Daimler-Chrysler) from 1983.
Also see
- Carb
- An abbreviation for Carburetor.
- CARB
- Acronym for California Air Resource Board -- The state agency that regulates the air quality in California. Air quality regulations established by CARB are often stricter than those set by the federal government.
- Car banger
- A British term for a person or organization which fakes a Car accident in order to defraud an insurance company
- Car banging
- The act of faking a Car accident in order to defraud an insurance company
- Carbide
- A binary compound of metals with carbon. Carbides of group IV to VI metals (e.g., silicon,
iron, tungsten) are exceptionally hard and refractory. In group I and II, calcium carbide (ethynide)
is the most useful.
Also see
- Carbide blade
- A snowplow blade composed of a carbon compound that generally wears longer and requires less frequent changes than steel blades
- Carbide precipitation
- Carbon that breaks loose from its bond within the stainless solution when material is heated between 427° - 760°C. Under severe corrosive conditions, it can result in extra oxidation and surface corrosion.
- Carbide tools
- Cutting and forming tools used for hard materials or at high temperatures. They are made of carbides of tungsten, tantalium, and other metals held in a matrix of cobalt, nickel, etc., and are very hard with good compressive strength.
- Car blind
- A curtain or pull-down covering for the backlight (i.e., rear window) to obscure the bright headlights of a following vehicle. Some are also used for side windows for privacy. It is generally illegal to use them on the driver's side window or the windshield.
- Carbon
-
- The hard or soft, black deposits found in the Combustion chamber, on the plugs, under the rings, on and under the Valve heads, etc. Although it is not a metal, it is a good Conductor of electricity.
- An element which forms various kinds of steel when combined with iron. In steel, it is the changing carbon content which changes the physical properties of the steel. Adds strength to stainless steel, but also lowers corrosion resistance. The more carbon there is, the more chromium must be added, because carbon offsets 17 times its own weight in chromium to form carbides, thus reducing the chromium available for resisting corrosion.
- Carbon is used in a solid form as an electrode for arc welding, as a mold to hold weld metal, or for motor brushes.
- Carbon arc
- An arc between carbon electrodes, usually limited to pure carbon rather than flame carbon electrodes
- Carbon-arc welding
- Arc welding carried out by means of an arc between a carbon electrode and the material to be welded.
- Carbon black
- A by-product of the petroleum industry used as a pigment and to give body in the manufacture of rubber products, both natural and synthetic. Carbon is the black residue from burning petroleum.
- Carbon brush
- A block of carbon to which a copper wire (or braided cable) is attached at one end and the other end rubs against a commutator, collector ring, or slip ring to transmit electricity
- Carbon build-up
- A deposit of burned oil which collects in the combustion chamber on the top of the piston and the head. Too much carbon build-up can lead to an inefficient engine and sticky valves.
- Carbon contact
- In a switch, an auxiliary contact designed to break contact after and to make contact before the main contact to prevent burning of the latter; it is of carbon and designed to be easily removable.
- Carbon-core leads
- High tension wire going from the distributor to the coil or the spark plugs. Each wire has a core of carbon or graphite rather than copper wire to conduct the electricity. Carbon-core wire is not recommended for most small engines such as motorcycle engines.
- Carbon dating
- Dating method which uses the fact that atmospheric carbon dioxide contains a constant proportion of radioactive C14, formed by cosmic radiation. Living organisms absorb this isotope in the same proportion. After death it decays with a half-life of 5.57x10³ years. The proportion of C12 to the residual C14 indicates the period elapsed since death. Also called radiocarbon dating
- Carbon deposits
- The residue of carbon from burning fuel, which can clog grooves in pistons, combustion chambers, and valves, and cause engine hesitation and other operational problems
- Carbon dioxide
- (CO2) A colorless, odorless, non-toxic gas which is a product of breathing and the combustion process. Sometimes used as refrigerant. (Identified as Refrigerant #R-744)
- Carbon dioxide equivalent
- The amount of carbon dioxide by weight emitted into the atmosphere that would produce the same estimated radiative forcing as a given weight of another radiatively active gas.
- Carbon dioxide laser
- Laser in which the active gaseous medium is a mixture of carbon dioxide and other gases. It is excited by glow-discharge and operates at a wavelength of 10.6 μm. Carbon dioxide lasers are capable of pulsed output with peak power up to 100 MW or continuous output up to 60 kW.
- Carbon-dioxide welding
- Metal arc welding using CO2 as the shielding gas.
- Carbon fiber
-
- A high-tech material favored in many motorcycle and bicycle applications because it is extremely strong, light and expensive. The distinctive look of carbon fiber has become trendy.
- Threadlike strands of pure Carbon that are strong and flexible. Carbon fiber can be bound in a plastic Resin matrix to form a strong
- Composite. It is light-weight and stronger than steel. Can also be spelled carbon fibre.
- Carbon fibre
- A high-tech material favored in many motorcycle applications because it is extremely
strong, light and expensive. The distinctive look of carbon fiber has become trendy.
Also see
- Carbon fouling
- The situation that occurs when the two electrical terminals of the spark plug are coated with carbon causing a reduction in efficiency leading to intermittent firing or complete failure.
- Carbon gland
- A type of gland used to prevent leakage along a shaft. It consists of carbon rings cut into segments and pressed into contact with the shaft by an encircling helical spring or Garter spring
- Carbon intensity
- The amount of carbon by weight emitted per unit of energy consumed. A common measure of carbon intensity is weight of carbon per British thermal unit (Btu) of energy. When there is only one fossil fuel under consideration, the carbon intensity and the emissions coefficient are identical. When there are several fuels, carbon intensity is based on their combined emissions coefficients weighted by their energy consumption levels.
- Carbonitriding
- A process of case hardening
- Carbonization
- The steeping of wool in a dilute solution of sulfuric acid, or its treatment by hydrochloric acid gas (dry process). This converts any cellulosic impurities into carbon dust and thereby facilitates their removal.
- Carbonize
- Building up of Carbon on objects such as Spark plugs, Pistons, Heads, etc.
- Carbonized filament
- Thoriated tungsten filament coated with tungsten carbide to reduce loss of thorium from the surface.
- Carbonizing
- Another term for Carburizing or reducing
- Carbon knock
- When there is a build-up of carbon in the combustion chamber, uncontrolled ignition will take place causing a knocking noise.
- Carbon microphone
- A microphone in which a normally DC energizing current is modulated by changes in the resistance of a cavity filled by granulated carbon which is compressed by the movement of the diaphragm. The diameter of the cavity is frequently very much less than that of the diaphragm, and it is then known as a carbon button.
- Carbon monoxide
- (CO) A deadly, colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas found in the engine Exhaust. Toxic even in relatively small concentrations. Formed by incomplete burning of Hydrocarbons. Thus at its greatest with a rich mixture.
- Carbon pile voltage transformer
- Variable electrical resistor made from disks or plates of carbon arranged to form a pile.
- Carbon pin
- A thin cylinder of carbon located in the distributor cap to transfer high tension electricity from the coil to the rotor to the high tension leads going to the spark plugs.
- Carbon resistor
- Negative temperature coefficient, non-inductive resistor formed of powdered carbon with ceramic binding material. Used for low-temperature measurements because of the large increase in resistance as temperature decreases.
- Carbon Sequestration
-
- The absorption and storage of CO2 from the atmosphere by the roots and leaves of plants; the carbon builds up as organic matter in the soil.
- The fixation of atmospheric carbon dioxide in a carbon sink through biological or physical processes.
- Carbon steel
- A steel whose properties are determined principally by the amount of carbon present and contains no other deliberate alloying ingredient except those necessary to ensure deoxidation and physical quality. Also called plain carbon steel.
- Carbon tetrachloride
- A liquid often used in fire extinguishers. The fumes are toxic -- avoid inhaling.
- Carbon tracking
- A trace of carbon found inside the distributor cap which leads away some electricity, thus causing the engine to misfire.
- Carbon tracks
- Fine lines from burned carbon (such as from oil film) that may be found in a distributor cap. Carbon tracks may cause engine misfire
- Carbonyl powders
- Metal powders produced by reacting carbon monoxide with the metal to form the gaseous carbonyl. This is then decomposed by heat to yield powder of high purity.
- Carborundum
- Trade name for Silicon carbide abrasives.
- Carbs
- Abbreviation for Carburetors.
Also see
- Carburation
- British term for Carburetion
- Carburetion
- The mixture of vaporized fuel and air in the proper proportions for combustion in an engine
Also see
- Carburetor
-
(Carb) Optionally spelled carburetter or carburettor. A device that Vaporizes fuel and mixes it with air in proper quantities and proportions to suit the varying needs of the engine. A Filter screens the air which is drawn into the carburetor. Here the Gasoline mixes with the air and this fuel vapor enters the Combustion chamber through the Intake valve where it is compressed and burned.
Click image to supersize
CarburetorAlso see- Air valve carburetor
- Compound carburetor
- Double-barrel carburetor
- Downdraft carburetor
- Downdraught Carburetor
- Dual carbs
- Dual carburetors
- Feedback carburetor
- Fixed-choke carburetor
- Fixed-jet carburetor
- Flood the carburetor
- Four-barrel carburetor
- HIF carburetor
- Non-staged Carburetor
- Sidedraft carburetor
- Sidedraught Carburetor
- Single-barrel carburetor
- Slide carburetor
- Staged Carburetors
- Starting carburetor
- Stromberg carburetor
- SU carburetor
- Tamperproof carburetor
- Twin-choke carburetor
- Twin barrel carburetor
- Twin carburetors
- Two-stage carburetor
- Updraft carburetor
- Variable-venturi carburetor
- Weber Carburetor
- Carburetor adapter
- An adapter that is used to fit or place one type of Carburetor on an Intake manifold that may not be originally designed for it. Also used to adapt four-barrel Carburetors to two-barrel manifolds.
- Carburetor barrel
- The tube-like part of the vehicle through which air flows and is mixed with Vaporized fuel. The Choke butterfly valve is located at the top of the Carburetor barrel, and the Throttle valve is located at the bottom. Midway through, the barrel narrows, and this part is called the Venturi. Carburetors can have one, two, or four barrels.
- Carburetor circuit
- A series of passageways and units designed to perform a specific function Idle circuit, full power circuit, etc.
- Carburetor fuel bowl
- A small fuel storage area in the carburetor, located at the carburetor fuel inlet. Also called the Float bowl because it contains the carburetor float
- Carburetor fuel bowl vent
- A vent on the Float bowl. It typically is connected to an Carbon canister, which absorbs vapors when the engine is off, and it also may be vented to the atmosphere when the engine is running.
- Carburetor fuel filter
-
A filter made of pleated paper or sintered bronze that is mounted into the body of the carburetor at the float bowl fuel inlet. It is held in place by the fuel hose/pipe fittings. On some cars, a small In-line filter is screwed directly into the carburetor's fuel inlet. Also called an integral fuel filter.
Carburetor Fuel Filter
- Carburetor fuel inlet
- A threaded fitting on the side of the carburetor to which tubing from the Fuel pump is connected. Fuel enters the carburetor at this point.
- Carburetor icing
- The formation of ice on the Throttle plate or
valve during certain atmospheric conditions. As the fuel
Nozzles feed fuel into the Air
horn it turns to a vapor. This robs heat from the air and when weather conditions
are just right (fairly cool and quite humid) ice may form.
Also see
- Carburetor jet
- A fitting (usually brass) located inside a carburetor that permits a measured amount of fuel which is mixed with air going into the combustion chamber. Some look like a small brass screw with a hole in the center; others look like a long wide needle with holes along the sides; others look like a thin tapered needle.
- Carburetor kit
- A collection of gaskets, O-rings, jets, etc. to rebuild a carburetor. Also called a carb kit.
- Carburetter
- British spelling for Carburetor.
- Carburization
- The process of creating carbon steel by increasing the carbon content of steel to reach the desired degree of hardness
- Carburizing
-
- A carburizing flame in welding terms is an oxygen-fuel gas flame with a slight excess of the fuel gas.
- A method of Case-hardening low carbon steel in which the metal component is heated above its ferrite-austenite transition in a suitable carbonaceous atmosphere. Carbon diffuses into the surface and establishes a concentration gradient. The steel can subsequently be hardened by quenching either directly or after re-heating to refine the grain structure. It is usually lightly tempered afterwards, producing a hard case over a tough core.
- Car cap
- A waterproof cover which encloses just the Greenhouse (i.e., the roof, windshield, side glass, and Backlight)
- Car care product
- One of several items for taking care of the outward finish of the car (i.e., cleaners, polish, wax, preservers) as well as the interior pieces (e.g., dash cleaners, upholstery cleaners and sealers)
- Carcass
- The primary structure of a tire body with its cords, plies, rim wires, etc. apart from the tread itself. Structurally the carcass should hold air and provide strength to the tire, but would not wear well without the tread.
- Car crash
- A Car accident
- Card
- The graduated dial or face of a
magnetic compass to which the card and needle are firmly connected.
See
- Cardan joint
-
A type of Universal joint named after the Italian Cardan who developed the concept in the 16th century. In the 17th century, Robert Hooke of England developed and patented the conventional universal joint. Sometimes it is called the Cardan universal or the Hooke universal. It has two Yokes at right angles to each other.
Cardan Joint
- Cardinal planes
- In a lens, planes perpendicular to the principal axis, and passing through the cardinal points of the lens.
- Cardioid
- A heart-shaped curve with polar equation r=2a(1+cosθ). An epicycloid in which the rolling circle equals the fixed circle.
- Cardioid directivity
- Special shape of a directivity. It is produced by superimposing the fields of a monopole and a dipole, and has the shape of a cardioid.
- Car-floor contact
- A contact attached to the false floor of an electrically controlled lift; it is usually arranged to prevent operation of the lift by anyone outside the car while a passenger is in the lift.
- Cargo
- Freight carried by a ship but the term is sometimes used for freight on a truck in place of shipment.
- Cargo area
- The space within a station wagon or van for carrying goods or the bed of a pickup truck for carrying goods
- Cargo battens
- Strips of wood secured to the inside of the frame to keep the cargo away from steel sides of the hull or truck trailer bodywork. Also called sparring
- Cargo Body Style Auto Carrier
- A truck cargo body typified by the multi-decked auto carrier trailer and/or power unit.
- Cargo Body Style Bottom Dump
- Dry bulk truck bodies which empty by means of gravity alone through the bottom.
- Cargo Body Style Dump
- A truck body with a hydraulic, electric, or mechanical lifting mechanism that tilts to unload cargo. Dump includes side dumps, walking dumps, flatbed dumps, and dump trucks with snow plows or blades.
- Cargo Body Style Flatbed
- A cargo truck body style typified by a flat cargo area. Includes angle beds, rollback beds, and ramp hoists, which are flatbeds that tilt down to the ground so vehicles can be driven onto the bed.
- Cargo Body Style Flatbed with Sides
- A cargo truck body style typified by flatbeds with sides to hold and protect cargo.
Also see
- Cargo Body Style Flatbed with Equipment
- This cargo truck body style is typified by flatbeds with permanent cranes, loaders, pumps, winches, or other significantly heavy and large apurtenances.
- Cargo Body Style Garbage
- A cargo body style typified by garbage trucks that often have hydraulic packing mechanisms or hydraulic arms for lifting dumpsters. Included are roll-offs, vehicles used for transporting refuse containers. Roll-offs have rails or a flat bed and a hoist for loading and unloading the refuse container.
- Cargo Body Style Livestock Carrier
- A cargo truck body style typically with slotted or slatted sides. Trailers may have a double deck. Livestock trailers sometimes have "possum belly" compartments in the bottom for holding smaller animals.
- Cargo Body Style Low Boy
- Gooseneck flatbed trucks slung very low to the ground. Often the gooseneck is detachable so that equipment can be loaded from the front. Sometimes ramps are at the rear. Typically about 12" off the ground.
- Cargo Body Style Open Top Van
- A totally enclosed cargo area but without a permanent, fixed, solid top.
- Cargo Body Style Pole Logging
- Pole trailers with a set of axles with a cradle to hold logs and a long, sometimes adjustable pole attached to the rear of a power unit. Others are framed with support stakes. Some have double decks. Most will have cradle-like features called bunks to hold the logs in place.
- Cargo Body Style Refrigerated Van
- A cargo body style with a totally enclosed box with a refrigeration unit.
- Cargo Body Style Tank Dry
- A truck used exclusively for hauling dry bulk material. Cargo is emptied pneumatically. Also called air can trailer
- Cargo Body Style Tank Liquid or Gas
- A cargo body truck style characterized by tankers which can carry only liquids or gases in bulk.
- Cargo Body Style Van
- A totally enclosed cargo area truck. Included are beverage vans, or bay vans, and sealed shipping containers mounted on a special bodiless chassis.
- Cargo Boom
-
A heavy, long pole with cables and pulleys used to lift and place cargo. Also called a crane
Boom
- Cargo net
-
A type of Bungee net usually found in the Trunk of a car to secure packages from moving around; but also found behind or beside a seat.
Cargo Net
- Cargo shifting
- Movements or changing positions of cargo from one place to another which can easily endanger the seaworthiness of the ship
- Car insurance
- An insurance policy (mandatory in most states and all of Canada) to cover possible damage to the vehicle or property or passengers, etc. Sometimes basic insurance is abbreviated PL&PD (public liability and property damage). Also called motor insurance
- Car jacking
- A process of stealing a car while the driver is still in it. The car may be stopped at a traffic light when a car jacker appears with a gun and demands that the driver get out, then he drives away with the car. If it happens to you, give him the car -- your life is worth more than the vehicle.
- Carload
- (CL or C/L)
- The total amount of freight within a full railcar.
- The specified quantity of freight necessary to qualify for a carload rate.
- Carnot cycle
- An ideal heat engine cycle of maximum thermal efficiency. It consists of isothermal expansion, adiabatic expansion, isothermal compression, and adiabatic compression to the initial state.
- Carnot's theorem
- Theorem stating that no heat engine can be more efficient than a reversible engine working between the same temperatures. It follows that the efficiency of a reversible engine is independent of the working substance and depends only on the temperatures between which it is working.
- Carousel
- A flat turntable (horizontal) or ferris-wheel-like (vertical) device which a picker uses to move product from the warehouse to those who are filling the orders.
- Carpeting
- The action of covering the passenger compartment floor (and sometimes the trunk floor) with a form-fitting rug or carpet.
- Car phone
- A telephone that is installed in a vehicle, but has recently been replaced by personal cell
phones.
Also see
- Car Pool
-
A system where the use of a vehicle is shared by a number of riders going in the same direction. In some cases the same driver will use his vehicle and pick up the passengers along the way. The passengers reimburse the driver for his costs. In other cases each of the riders will take a turn at driving his own vehicle so that no one person is burdened with vehicle costs. The concept of the car pool is to reduce traffic, conserve fuel, and reduce the amount of parking space. Car pool vehicles are allowed to drive in the HOV lane designated by the diamond symbol.
HOV Car Pool Sign
- Carriage bolt
-
A bolt that has a smooth dome head (like a mushroom) so that no Screwdriver or wrench can remove it from the dome-side, a square neck under the head, and a unified thread pitch. The square neck is designed to keep the bolt from turning as a nut is tightened.
Carriage Bolt
- Carriageway
- A British term for that part of the road on which vehicles travel in one direction.
Also see
- Carrier
-
- A thin substance that helps another substance to reach its goal. For example, a spray grease may have a carrier which transports the grease to its destination. Then the carrier dries up leaving the grease behind.
- A real or imaginary particle responsible for the transport of electric charge
in a material. In oxide ceramics, electrons hopping between ions, diffusing
oxygen ions and mobile cations can also transport charge.
Also see
- A device for conveying the drive of a face-plate of a lathe to a piece of work which is being turned between centers. It is clamped to the work and driven by a pin projecting from the face-plate.
- A frame for holding a negative in an enlarger or slides in a projector.
- Non-active material mixed with, and chemically identical to, a radioactive compound. Carrier is sometimes added to carrier-free material.
- A vehicle for communicating in formation, when the chosen medium itself cannot convey the information but can convey a carrier, on to which the information is impressed by Modulation.
- In radio transmission, the output of the transmitter before it is modulated.
Also see
- The frequencies chosen for sending many signals simultaneously along a single communication channel
- A transport company which takes goods from the shipping client (consignor) either to a central terminal and then to the receiving client (consignee) or directly to the receiving client. In some cases the goods are picked up, transported, and delivered in the same truck (usually by a local courier); but in most cases the goods are moved from the pick up truck to a terminal where it is united with other goods going in the same direction. This process may take place at several terminals until the goods are finally received by the consignee.
Also see- Authorized Carrier
- Auto Carrier
- Barge carriers
- Bent-tail Carrier
- Bicycle carrier
- Bulk carrier
- Carrier bearing
- Common Carrier
- Connecting Carrier
- Contract carrier
- Differential carrier
- Exempt Carrier
- For-Hire Carrier
- Front Wheel Carrier
- Hub carrier
- Jet carrier
- Livestock Carrier
- LNG carrier
- LTL Carrier
- Luggage carrier
- Minority Carrier
- Motor Carrier
- Ore-bulk-oil carrier
- Ore carrier
- Pinion carrier
- Planet carrier
- Private Carrier
- Product carrier
- Spare tire carrier
- TL Carrier
- Top Carriers
- Carrier bearing
- The bearings upon which the Differential case is mounted.
- Carrier mobility
- The mean drift velocity of the charge carriers in a material per unit electric field.
- Carriers
- In a crystal of semiconductor material thermal agitation will cause a number of
electrons to dissociate from their parent atoms; in moving about the crystal they
act as carriers of negative charge. Other electrons will move from neighboring atoms
to fill the space left behind, thus causing the holes where no electrons exist in
the lattice to be transferred from one atom to another. As these holes move around
they can be considered as carriers of positive charge.
Also see
- Carrier wave
- An unmodulated radio wave produced by a transmitter on which information is carried by amplitude or frequency modulation.
- Carrosserie
- French term for Coachwork.
- Carrozzeria
- Italian term for Coachwork.
- Carrying capacity
- The maximum load that a tire is allowed to carry with a particular wheel and rim. Also called load capacity.
- CARS
- Acronym for Canadian Automotive Repair and Service Council
- Carson top
- A customizing procedure where an automobile roof that has been removed (usually when the car's cab is being lowered) and modified so that it becomes a one-piece removable unit to turn the car into a convertible. The top is often stored in the trunk and may be removed manually or by a series of electric or hydraulic motors.
- Car stereo
- A listening device in an automobile which usually has an AM/FM radio and often a cassette player, CD player, and/or CD changer. It also includes at least a pair of speakers.
- Cart
- A wagon with four wheels used in the vicinity of a warehouse to move freight between the
warehouse and the truck. The advantage over a dolly is that
more freight can be moved at one time. The cart may be pulled by a long tongue or be motorized.
See
- Cartage
-
- The charge for the pickup and delivery of goods
- The act of moving goods (usually short distances)
- Cartage company
- A company that provides local pick-up and delivery within a town, city, or municipality.
- Car tax
- A government imposed tax which is added to the price of a new car. Some governments charge a road-use tax and call it a car tax.
- Car thief
- A person who steals a car. If someone steals just the objects from a car, he is a
Car burglar.
Also see
- Cartography
- The preparation and drawing of maps which show, generally, a considerable extent of the Earth's surface.
- Cartridge bottom bracket
- A Bottom bracket with protective seals to keep water and grime from penetrating to the bearings. Also called sealed bottom bracket
- Cartridge brass
- Copper-zinc alloy containing approximately 30% zinc. Possesses high ductility;
capable of being heavily cold-worked. Widely used for cold pressings, cartridges,
tubes, etc.
Also see
- Cartridge starter
- A device for starting aero-engines in which a slow-burning cartridge is used to operate a piston or turbine unit which is geared to the engine shaft.
- Car types
- Automobiles can be divided into several groups based on design, technology, rarity, and age. However a particular vehicle can bridge a number of these categories.
- Carvac
- A small, hand-held vacuum cleaner which is either battery-operated or which is plugged into the accessory outlet or cigarette lighter socket.
- Car wash
- A place where you can get your car cleaned. Some are automatic (you drive through
and large brushes clean the car) while others provide a bay with spray wands and brushes for you
to do the labor.
Also see
- A product like soap which is added to water for the purpose of cleaning a vehicle.
- A place where you can get your car cleaned. Some are automatic (you drive through
and large brushes clean the car) while others provide a bay with spray wands and brushes for you
to do the labor.
- Cascade
- The arrangement of stages in an enrichment or reprocessing plant in which the products of one stage are fed either forward to the next closely similar or identical stage or backward to a previous stage, eventually resulting in two more or less pure products at each end of the cascade. The classic examples are gaseous or centrifugal enrichment plants. An ideal cascade is the arrangement of stages in series and in parallel which gives the highest yield for a given number of units (e.g., centrifuges) and a given separation factor.
- Cascade generator
- High-voltage generator using a series of voltage-multiplying stages, esp. when designed for X-ray tubes or low-energy accelerators.
- cascade particle
- Particle formed by a cosmic ray in a Cascade shower
- Cascades
- Fixed airfoil blades which turn the airflow around a bend in a duct, e.g., in wind tunnels or engine intakes.
- Cascade shower
- Manifestations of cosmic rays in which high-energy mesons, protons, and electrons create high-energy photons, which produce further electrons and positrons, thus increasing the number of particles until the energy is dissipated. Also called air shower.
- Cascade systems
- Arrangement in which two or more refrigerating systems are used in series; uses evaporator of one machine to cool condenser of other machine. Produces ultra-low temps
- Cascading of insulators
- Flashover of a string of suspension insulators; initiated by the voltage across one unit exceeding its safe value and flashing over, thereby imposing additional stress across the other units, and resulting in a complete flashover of the string.
- Case
-
- That part near the surface of a ferrous alloy which as been so altered as to allow case-hardening.
- One of the two clam-shell-like halves in the bottom end of the engine surrounded by a metal shell
- CASE
- Acronym for Cranking Angle Sensing Error
- Case harden
- The action of hardening the surface of iron or steel so that the outer portion or case is made substantially harder than the inner portion or core. Typical processes used for case hardening are carburizing, cyaniding, carbonitriding, nitriding, induction hardening, and flame hardening.
- Casehardened
- A piece of steel that has had the outer surface hardened while the inner portion remains relatively soft.
- Casehardening
- The action of adding carbon to the surface of a mild steel object and heat treating to produce a hard surface.
- Case Mark
- Information usually in printed sticker attached to the outside of a shipping carton which includes destination and contents.
- Cash and carry
- Kerosene, fuel oil, or bottled gas (tank or Propane) purchased with cash, by check, or by credit card and taken home by the purchaser. The purchaser provides the container or pays extra for the container.
- Cash Before Delivery
- (CBD) A shipping term where the seller has received payment before shipping. It contrasts with cash on delivery (COD)
- Cash On Delivery
- (COD) A shipping term where the receiver must pay the price of the goods to the carrier at the time of delivery and may refuse reception. Contrasts with Cash before delivery (CBD)
- Casing
-
- The Tire casing.
- The outside shell of something such as the shell of an alternator or starter motor.
- Casing Bulkheads
-
- Walls enclosing portion of a vessel, such as the boiler room casing.
- A covering for parts of machinery.
- Casing factor
- That portion of the load supported by Tire casing stiffness instead of air pressure.
- Casing head gasoline
- A term used to describe the lighter parts of petroleum products, which were obtained from natural gasoline by condensing natural gas from an oil well
- Cassette
-
- A type of bicycle gear cluster that slides on a freehub rather than threads on it. The freehub body is attached to the rear hub.
- A cartridge containing magnetic tape that can be inserted into a player for listening or viewing (e.g., an audio cassette or video cassette).
- Cassette hub
- More recent type of rear hub designed to accept the cassette type of gear cluster. The cassette hub has the rotating, ratcheting freehub body attached to the hub for the cassette to slide onto and be secured by a lockring.
- Cassette player
- A unit which plays (but does not record) audio cassettes and is often linked with a stereo unit in an automobile
- Cassette size
- The size of a bicycle cassette is described by the number of teeth on the smallest cog and the number of teeth on the largest cog. An example of a common size for road racing would be 12 x 21.
- Castellate
- Formed to resemble a castle battlement e.g., a Castellated nut
- Castellated nut
-
A nut with several lugs protruding from one end making it look like the turrets on the top of the wall of a castle. This nut is used on a shaft with a hole drilled in it. It is secured to the shaft by passing a Cotter pin through an opening in the nut and through the shaft hole.
Castellated Nut
- Caster
-
- A small wheel at the front of a wheelchair or shopping cart that
swivels and is tilted at an angle.
Also see
-
A wheel Alignment adjustment that positions the wheels like the casters on a chair or shopping cart, so the tires follow naturally in a forward straight line. In a truck or older car, the top of the Kingpin is either forward (Negative) or toward the rear of the vehicle (Positive). On a turn, the wheels will tend to straighten out when the Steering wheel is released. If the car has independent front suspension, the upper ball joint is set forward or rearward in relation to the lower ball joint. Caster is measured in degrees.
Caster
Also see - A small wheel at the front of a wheelchair or shopping cart that
swivels and is tilted at an angle.
- Caster action
- The self-centering action which causes a caster wheel to move into a straight-ahead position.
- Caster angle
- The inclination or angle that a wheel makes when measuring the distance between the vertical post and the offset of the wheel placement.
- Caster offset
- The distance on the ground between where the vertical post would touch the ground if it were extended and the point where the wheel touches the ground. Also called caster trail
- Caster trail
- The distance on the ground between where the vertical post would touch the ground if it were extended and the point where the wheel touches the ground. Also called caster offset
- Caster wobble
- A condition generally produced in the front wheels when they are attached to the ends of a Beam axle. It is particularly noticeable on rough roads and the Shimmy at the Steering wheel makes it difficult to control the vehicle. You have probably seen this condition in a shopping cart that has caster wheels that wiggle or fluctuate back and forth and will not roll in a straight line.
- Cast holes
- Holes made in cast objects by the use of cores, in order to reduce the time necessary for machining, and to avoid metal wastage.
- Casting
-
Click image to supersize
Casting- A process technology that delivers a liquid molten metal into a purpose-built mold. After cooling, the solid metal surface has the shape of the mold cavity.
- Pouring metal into a Mold to form an object.
- A metallic article cast in the shape required, as distinct from one shaped by working.
Also see
- Casting copper
- Metal of lower purity than Best selected copper. Generally contains about 99.4% of copper.
- Casting ladle
- A steel ladle, lined with refractory material, in which molten metal is carried from the furnace to the mold in which the casting is to be made.
- Casting number
- The number cast into a block, head, or other component when the part is cast. Casting numbers can be helpful when identifying an engine or its parts, but they are not completely accurate, because castings are sometimes machined differently
- Castings
- Metallic forms which are produced by pouring molten metal into a shaped container or
mold.
Also see
- Casting wheel
- Large wheel on which ingot molds are arranged peripherally and filled from stream of molten metal issuing from furnace or pouring ladle.
- Cast-in-situ concrete piles
- A type of pile formed by driving a steel pipe into the ground and filling it with concrete, using the pipe as a mold, or by a similar method.
- Cast iron
- An Alloy of iron and more than 2% Carbon. It is used for engine Blocks and Transmission and Differential cases because it is relatively cheap and easy to Mold into complex shapes.
- Any iron-carbon alloy in which the carbon content exceeds the solubility of carbon in austenite at the eutectic temperature. Widely used in engineering on account of their high fluidity and excellent casting characteristics. Carbon content usually in the range of 2-2.3%. Some kinds are brittle and others difficult to machine.
- Castle nut
-
A Castellated nut -- a six-sided nut in the top of which six radial slots are cut. Two of these line up with a hole drilled in the bolt or screw, a split pin can be inserted to prevent turning. Also called hex slotted nut
Castle nut
- Castle section
- A panel with humps or ribs which strengthen the panel. They are called castle because from the end they look like the turrets of a castle
- Castor
- British spelling of Caster.
- Cast silicon
- Crystalline silicon obtained by pouring pure molten silicon into a vertical mold and adjusting the temperature gradient along the mold volume during cooling to obtain slow, vertically advancing crystallization of the silicon. The polycrystalline ingot thus formed is composed of large, relatively parallel, interlocking crystals. The cast ingots are sawed into wafers for further fabrication into photovoltaic cells. Cast silicon wafers and ribbon silicon sheets fabricated into cells are usually referred to as polycrystalline photovoltaic cells.
- Cast spoke assembly
- That part of the vehicle consisting of the brake drum and wheel spider, having 3, 5 or 6 spokes.
- Cast spoke wheel
-
- A type of dual mounting wheels where two demountable rims are mounted directly on the spoke wheel and drum assembly held apart by a spacer band and locked in place by clamps and nuts which attach to studs in the spoke face.
- A wheel with five or six spokes originating from a center hub. The spoked portion, usually made of cast steel, is bolted to a multiple-piece steel rim
Also see
- Cast steel
- Shapes that have been formed directly from liquid by casting into a mold. Formerly applied to wrought objects produced by working steel made by the crucible process to distinguish from that made by cementation of wrought-iron, but both of these methods are long obsolete.
- Cast welded rail joint
- A joint between the ends of two adjacent rails made in position using the thermite process in which aluminum powder and sodium peroxide are ignited causing the rails to weld together.
- Cat
- An abbreviation for Catalytic converter
- Catadioptric
- An optical system using a combination of refracting and reflecting surfaces designed to reduce aberrations in a telescope.
- Catalyst
-
- A substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being used up. Catalysts are used in many processes in the chemical and petroleum industries. Emission control catalysts are used to promote reactions that change exhaust pollutants from internal combustion engines into harmless substances. After the reaction it can potentially be recovered from the reaction mixture chemically unchanged.
- A special agent which is added to a plastic body filler or resin or paint to speed up the hardening process.
- Catalyst bed
- A layer of catalyst-coated material such as pellets or ceramic in a catalytic converter through which the gases pass.
- Catalyst coated membrane
- (CCM) Term used to describe a membrane (in a
PEM fuel cell)
whose surfaces are coated with a catalyst layer to form the reaction
zone of the electrode.
See also
- Catalyst coating
- A Catalytic layer
- Catalyst degradation
- A reduction of efficiency because of impurities or overheating. Also called catalyst deterioration
- Catalyst deterioration
- A reduction of efficiency because of impurities or overheating. Also called catalyst degradation
- Catalyst indicator
- A light on the instrument panel which glows when a prescribed distance has passed in order to remind the driver to have the catalytic converter replaced.
- Catalyst substrate
- A base material which carries the Catalytic layer or coating. Also called catalyst support
- Catalyst support
- A base material which carries the Catalytic layer or coating. Also called catalyst substrate
- Catalytic converter
-
Catalytic converter
- A pollution-control device found on the
- Exhaust system of all cars since its introduction in 1974 which acts like an
- afterburner to reburn unburned gas in the tail pipe. It looks like a small muffler and is usually made of stainless steel. It contains
- platinum, rhodium, or palladium which is a catalyst for the chemical reaction needed to burn off any unburned hydrocarbons and
- carbon monoxide by turning them into water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other less toxic gases.
- A device containing a Catalyst for converting automobile exhaust into mostly harmless products.
Also see
- Catalytic cracking
- The refining process of breaking down the larger, heavier, and more complex hydrocarbon molecules into simpler and lighter molecules. Catalytic cracking is accomplished by the use of a catalytic agent and is an effective process for increasing the yield of gasoline from crude oil. Catalytic cracking processes fresh feeds and recycled feeds.
- Catalytic Fines
- Hard, abrasive crystalline particles of alumina, silica, and/or alumina silica that can be carried over from the fluidic catalytic cracking process of residual fuel stocks. Particle size can range from sub-micron to greater than sixty (60) microns in size. These particles become more common in the higher viscosity marine bunker fuels.
- Catalytic hydrocracking
- A refining process that uses hydrogen and Catalysts with relatively low temperatures and high pressures for converting middle boiling or residual material to high octane gasoline, reformer charge stock, jet fuel, and /or high grade fuel oil. The process uses one or more Catalysts, depending on product output, and can handle high sulfur feedstocks without prior desulfurization.
- Catalytic hydrotreating
- A refining process for treating petroleum fractions from atmospheric or vacuum distillation units (e.g., naphthas, middle distillates, reformer feeds, residual fuel oil, and heavy gas oil) and other petroleum (e.g., cat cracked naphtha, coker naphtha, gas oil, etc.) in the presence of Catalysts and substantial quantities of hydrogen. Hydrotreating includes desulfurization, removal of substances (e.g., nitrogen compounds) that deactivate Catalysts, conversion of Olefins to paraffins to reduce gum formation in gasoline, and other processes to upgrade the quality of the fractions.
- Catalytic layer
- A thin layer of catalyst such as platinum and supported by a ceramic or metal carrier material
- Catalytic reforming
- A refining process using controlled heat and pressure with
Catalysts to rearrange certain
hydrocarbon molecules, thereby converting paraffinic and naphthenic
type hydrocarbons (e.g., low octane gasoline boiling range
fractions) into petrochemical feedstocks and higher octane stocks
suitable for blending into finished gasoline. Catalytic reforming
is reported in two categories. They are:
- Low Pressure. A processing unit operating at less than 225
- PSIG measured at the outlet separator.
- High pressure. A processing unit operating at either equal to or greater than 225 PSIG measured at the outlet separator.
- Cataphoretic painting
- A process of applying the first coat of paint to the body of a vehicle by positively charging the paint particles and then dunking the metal into the paint. A current is turned on so that the positively charged paint is attracted to the negative metal panel. Also called cathodic electropainting
- Catapult
- an accelerating device for launching an aircraft in a short distance. It may be fixed or rotatable to face the wind. It is usually used on ships which have no landing deck, having been superseded on aircraft carriers by the Accelerator. During World War II, fighters were carried on (catapult armed merchant ships) for defense against long-range bombers. Land catapults have been tried but have been superseded by RATOG and STOL aircraft.
- Catback
- A performance exhaust system upgrade which consists of new pipes from the catalytic converter to the Tail pipe which increases horsepower. These new pipes are larger, thus, more exhaust can exit the system. The faster the exhaust can exit, the more horsepower you gain.
- Catch basin
- An opening in the road surface with grated lid to allow water into a storm drainage system.
See
- Catcher
- The element in a
velocity-modulated ultrahigh frequency or microwave beam tube which abstracts, or catches, the
energy in a bunched electron stream as it passes through it.
Also see
- Catcher foil
- Aluminum sheet used for measuring power levels in nuclear reactor by absorption of fission fragments.
- Catching diode
- Diode used to clamp a voltage or current at a predetermined value. When it becomes forward-biased it prevents the applied potential from increasing any further.
- Catchment area
- The area from which water runs off to any given river valley or collecting reservoir. Also called Catchment basin
- Catchment basin
- The area from which water runs off to any given river valley or collecting reservoir. Also called Catchment area
- Catch net
- A mesh construction that is electricaly grounded and placed below high-voltage transmission lines that cross over a road or railway. In the event that the lines break, they will fall into the net. Also called a cradle
- Catch pit
- A small pit constructed at the entrance to a length of sewer or drain pipe to
catch and retain matter which would not easily pass through the pipes. Also called
catch basin.
Also see
- Catch points
- A section of a railroad track which is activated when a train is supposed to be going uphill, but starts to slide back. The catch points prevent the train from rolling back any farther.
- Catch-water drain
- A drain to catch water on a hillside, with open joints or multiple perforations to take in water in as many places as possible.
- Cat Cracker
- A large refinery vessel for processing reduced crudes or other feed-stocks in the presence of a Catalyst, as opposed to the older method of thermal cracking, which employs heat and pressure only. Catalytic cracking is generally preferred since it produces less gas and other highly volatile byproducts. It produces a motor fuel of higher octane than the thermal process.
- Catenary construction
- A method of construction used for overhead contact wires of traction systems. A\ wire is suspended, in the form of catenary, between two supports, and the contact wire is supported from this by droppers of different lengths, arranged so that the contact wire is horizontal.
- Catera
-
A model of automobile manufactured by the Cadillac division of General Motors from 1997-2001
Click image for books on
Cadillac Catera
- Cathead
-
- The sheave assembly on the top of crane jib.
- A lathe accessory consisting of a turned sleeve having four or more radial screws at each end; used for clamping on to rough work of small diameter and running in the Steady while centering. Also called spider
- Cathetometer
- An optical instrument for measuring vertical distances not exceeding a few decimeters. A small telescope, held horizontally can move up and down a vertical pillar. The difference in position of the telescope when the images of the two points whose separation is being measured are lined up with the cross-wires of the telescope, is obtained from the difference in vernier readings on a scale marked on the pillar. Also called reading microscope and reading telescope
- Cathode
-
- In an electric circuit, the
- Negative terminal. Electrons leave from this terminal.
- In an electronic tube or valve, an electrode through which a primary stream of electrons enters the inter-electrode space. During conduction, the cathode is negative with respect to the anode. Such a cathode may be cold, electron emission being due to electric fields, photo-emission, or impact by other particles, or thermionic, where the cathode is heated by some means.
- In a semiconductor diode, the electrode to which the forward current flows.
- In a thyristor, the electrode by which current leaves the thyristor when it is in the ON state.
- In a light-emitting diode, the electrode to which forward current flows within the device.
- In electrolytic applications, the electrode at which positive ions are discharged, or negative ions formed.
- The electrode at which reduction occurs. In an electrochemical cell, oxidation occurs at the Anode and reduction at the cathode.
- Cathode coating
- A low-work function surface layer applied to a thermionic or photocathode in order to enhance electron emission or to control spectral characteristics. The cathode coating impedance is between the base metal and this layer.
- Cathode copper
- The product of electrolytic refining, after which the cathodes are melted, oxidized, poled, and cast into wire-bars, cakes, billets, etc.
- Cathode efficiency
- Ratio of emission current to energy supplied to cathode. Also called emission efficiency
- Cathode follower
- A valve circuit in which the input is connected between the grid and ground, and the output is taken from between the cathode and ground, the anode being grounded to signal frequencies. It has a high input impedance, low output impedance, and unity voltage gain.
- Cathode modulation
- Modulation produced by signal applied to cathode of valve through which carrier wave passes.
- Cathode poisoning
- Reduction of thermionic emission from a cathode as a result of minute traces of adsorbed impurities.
- Cathode ray
- A stream of negatively charged particles (electrons) emitted normally from the surface of a cathode in a vacuum or low-pressure gas. The velocity of the electrons is proportional to the square root of the accelerating potential, being 6x105ms-1 for one volt. They can be deflected and formed into beams by the application of electric or magnetic fields, or a combination of both, and are widely used in oscilloscopes and TV (in cathode-ray tubes), electron microscopes and electron-beam welding, and electron-beam tubes for high frequency amplifiers and oscillators.
- Cathode-ray oscillograph
- An oscillograph in which a permanent (photographic or other) record of a transient or time-varying phenomenon is produced by means of an electron beam in a cathode-ray tube. Deprecated term for Cathode-ray oscilloscope
- Cathode-ray oscilloscope
- (CRT) Device for displaying electronic signals by modulating a beam of electrons before it impinges on a Fluorescent screen
- Cathodic electropainting
- A process of applying the first coat of paint to the body of a car by positively charging the paint particles and then dunking the metal into the paint. A current is turned on so that the positively charged paint is attracted to the negative metal panel. Also called cataphoretic painting
- Cathode spot
- Area on a cathode where electrons are emitted into an arc, the current density being much higher than with simple thermionic emission
- Cathodic chalk
- A coating of magnesium and calcium compounds formed on a steel surface during Cathodic protection in sea water
- Cathodic etching
- Erosion of a cathode by a glow discharge through positive-ion bombardment, in order to show microstructure
- Cathodic protection
-
- The action of protecting metal from electrochemical corrosion by using it as the cathode of a cell with a
- Sacrificial anode.
- In ships and offshore structures, corrosion can be prevented by passing sufficient direct current through the sea water to make the metal hull a cathode.
- The method of preventing corrosion in metal structures that involves using electric voltage to slow or prevent corrosion. It is used along natural gas pipelines, as well as in certain bridges or other large metal structures that need to resist corrosion over an extended period of time. It is also used in some devices for a vehicle to prevent rusting.
- Cathodoluminescence
- The emission of light, with a possible afterglow, from a material when irradiated by an electron beam, such as occurs in the phosphor of a cathode-ray tube
- Cathodophone
- Microphone utilizing the silent discharge between a heated oxide-coated filament in air and another electrode. The discharge is modulated directly by the motion of the air particles in a passing sound wave. Also called ionophone
- Cation
- Ion in an electrolyte which carries a positive charge and which migrates toward the cathode under the influence of a potential gradient in electrolysis. It is the deposition of the cation in a primary cell which determines the positive terminal.
- Catolyte
- That portion of the electrolyte of an electrolytic cell which is in the immediate neighborhood of the cathode. Also called catholyte
- Catoptric element
- A component of an optical system that uses reflection, not refraction, in the formation of an image
- Cattle guard
- A series of pipes or bars spaced a few inches apart and placed across the road to discourage animals from entering or leaving a particular area. Similar to a Texas gate except a Texas gate always uses round pipes not flat bars.
- Catwalk
-
- A raised walkway running fore and aft from the midship.
-
An obsolete term for the section between the fender and the hood. On modern cars, this section does not exist at all. But on older cars (like the 1937 Cadillac), the fender was spaced a little way apart from the hood. The headlights were mounted toward the front of the catwalk or above it.
Catwalk
- Cauchy's dispersion formula
- μ= A + (B/λ2) + (C/λ21) + ...
An empirical expression for the relation between the refractive index μ of a medium and the wavelength λ of light; A, B, and C are the constants for a given medium.
- Caulk
- To fill seams in a wood deck with oakum or hammer the adjoining edges of metal together to stop leaks. Also spelled calk
- Caulking
- The process of closing the spaces between overlapping riveted plates or other joints by hammering the
exposed edge of one plate into intimate contact with the other. A filler material is also used esp. for
closing (e.g., deck planking). Also called calking
Also see
- Caulking tool
- A tool, similar in form to a cold chisel but having a blunt edge, for deforming the metal rather than cutting it.
- Caustic curve
- A curve to which rays of light are tangential after reflection or refraction at another curve
- Caustic embrittlement
- The intergranular corrosion of steel in hot alkaline solutions, e.g., in boilers
- Caution
- A period in racing in which track conditions are too hazardous for racing due to an accident or debris on the racing surface. The cars remain in their racing positions behind the pace car until it is determined that it is safe to resume the race.
- Cavalier
-
A model of automobile manufactured by the Chevrolet division of General Motors from 1982-2005.
Click image for books on
Chevrolet Cavalier
- Cavitation
- A condition in which a partial Vacuum forms around the blades or Impeller wheels of a Pump, reducing the pump's output because part of the pump blades lose contact with the liquid. It can be a problem in fuel and water pumps, fluid couplings, and torque converters. When severe, it can result in the erosion of the pump blades and other internal surfaces.
- Cavity
-
- An empty space in a body structure, either in a box section or a double-skinned area.
- A holder and contact for fuses
- Cavity sealant
- A product made of oil, wax, and rust inhibitors which is painted or sprayed into a cavity to prevent rust and corrosion.