- Bias
-
- The acute angle at which the cords in the tire fabric intersect the circumferential centerline of the finished tire.
- The application of a potential difference across, or electric currents through, an electronic device to set an operating condition upon which signals are superimposed.
Also see
- Bias belted tire
-
A type of tire construction in which there are bias Plies as well as a belt of steel or synthetic (rayon, nylon, or fiberglass) cords between the carcass and the Tread. The belt Overlaps the bias plies and wraps around the circumference. The cords and belt cross each other at Bias angles.
Bias Belted Tire
- Bias current
- Non-signal current supplied to electrode of semiconductor device, magnetic amplifier, tape recorder, etc. to control operation at optimal working point.
- Biased protective system
- A modification of a balanced protective system, in which the amount of out-of-balance necessary to produce relay operation is increased as the current in the circuit being protected is increased.
- Biased result
- In observations, sampling, etc., introduction of a systematic error through some malfunction of instrument or weakness in method used, so that error accumulates in a series of measurements.
- Biasing
- Polarization of a recording head in magnetic tape recording, to improve linearity of amplitude response, using DC or using AC much higher than the maximum audio-frequency to be reproduced.
- Bias ply tire
- A tire having two or more carcass plies arranged in a criss-cross manner and diagonally to the beads and travels approximately 1/3 the distance around the circumference before attaching to the other bead. Each cord in the next ply is arranged in the same manner, but in the opposite direction. Also called a conventional tire or cross-ply tire
- Bias tire
-
A type of tire construction in which the tire cords or Plies run diagonally from bead to bead. Generally in passenger cars, there are two plies of fabric. In a P185/80D13 tire, the D indicates a bias-ply tire. Sometimes called a conventional tire.
Bias tire
Also see
- Bib-cock
- A draw-off tap for water-supply, consisting of a plug-cock having a downward curved extension for discharge.
- Bib-valve
- A draw-off tap of the kind used for domestic water-supply; closed by screwing down a rubber washered disk on to a seating in the valve body.
- Bicomposites
-
- Composite materials which occur in and are made by living organisms, such as bone, leather.
- Composite materials which replace the function of living tissues or organs in mass, such as carbon fiber/epoxy resin artificial limbs.
- Biconical horn
- Two flat cones apex to apex, for radiating uniformly in horizontal directions when driven from a co-axial line.
- Bicycle
-
A two-wheel non-motorized vehicle in which the two wheels are not side-by-side but in line. Also called bike. A rider is a cyclist, while a biker is a motorcycle rider.
Bicycle
Also see
- Bicycle carrier
-
A device which is attached to the rear bumper or to the roof of a vehicle to carry a bicycle.
Bicycle carrier
- Bicycle frame
-
The diamond shaped basic section of a bicycle to which the components are added
Bicycle frame
- Bicycle lock
-
A horseshoe-shaped metal locking device which will reach around a small pole (e.g., parking meter) and the frame of a bicycle.
Bicycle lock
- Bicycle moto cross
- (BMX)
- A type of racing done on a closed dirt track over obstacles, usually on 20- or 24-inch wheels bikes with one gear.
- A type of bicycle used in BMX races
- Bi-directional waveform
- Waveform which shows reversal of polarity; a bi-directional pulse generator produces both positive and negative pulses.
- Bifilar resistor
- Resistor formed by winding a resistor with a hairpin-shaped length of resistance wire, thus reducing the total inductance.
- Bifilar suspension
- The suspension of a body by two parallel vertical wires or threads which give a considerable controlling torque.
- Bi-fuel Vehicle
- A motor vehicle with two separate fuel systems designed to run on either an alternative fuel, gasoline or diesel, using only one fuel at a time (i.e., not a mixture of the fuels). Each fuel is stored in a separate tank. Bi-fuel vehicles are referred to as dual-fuel vehicles in the CAA and EPACT.
- Bifurcated rivet
- A rivet with a split shank, used for holding together sheets of light material; it is closed by opening and tapping down the two halves of the shank.
- Big-block engine
- A large V-8 engine produced in the '60s and '70s. It typically has a cast-iron block and head and is fed by a carburetor. Contrasts with Small-block engine. Although both engines were of the same displacement, the big-block engine was larger in overall size than the small-block engine. Thus, as vehicles grew smaller and more equipment was stuffed into the engine bay, the small-block engine was favored over its larger brother.
- Big Cowl and Chassis Bus Type
- A type of bus depicting non-school bus coaches mounted on a truck-based, flat back cowl (medium- or heavy-duty truck hood and fender assembly).
- Big end
-
- The end of the connecting rod which fits around the crankpin.
- The part of the connecting rod which is attached to the crankshaft
- Big-end bearing
-
The bearing in the end of the Connecting rod that attaches to the Crankshaft
Click image to supersize
Big-end bearing
- Big-end bolt
- One of the bolts attaching the Big-end cap to
the connecting rod.
Also see
- Big Jim
- A colloquial term for a device for opening door locks. It is a flexible metal strip about an inch wide and very thin and has a J-shaped end. It is inserted between the door window and the door frame to trigger the latch.
- Bike
- A two-wheel vehicle -- either a Bicycle or a Motorcycle.
- Bike crossing
-
A place on the highway (usually marked by a sign) indicating a relatively safe place for a bicycle to cross to the other side. Motorists are advised that slow moving bicycles may be on the road.
Bike crossing
- Bike lane
- A lane in the roadway designated by striping and pavement markings for the preferential or exclusive use of bicyclists.
- Bike lock
-
A horseshoe-shaped metal locking device which will reach around a small pole (e.g., parking meter) and the frame of a bicycle.
Bike lock
- BIL
-
- Acronym for Bilimportorenes Landsforening (Norway).
- Acronym for the Association of Swedish Automobile Manufacturers and Wholesalers -- BIL deals with matters relating to automotive safety, automobile taxes, environmental protection, distribution, trade policy, traffic policy and Swedish and international regulations
- Bilateral impedance
- Any electrical or electromechanical device through which power can be transmitted in either direction.
- Bilateral slit
- A slit used in a spectrometer and consisting of two metal strips whose separation can be accurately adjusted.
- Bilge
-
- A recess area fitted at the curved section between the bottom and the side into which water drains from holds or other spaces.
- The curved part of the shell joining the bottom to the sides.
- The space inside meaning #2, at the sides of the cellular double bottom, into which unwanted water drains.
- Bilge bracket
- A vertical transverse flat plate welded to the tank top or margin plate and to the frame in the area of the bilge.
- Bilge keel
- A long longitudinal fin fitted on the curved of a ship at the turn of the bilge to reduce rolling.
- Bilge Pump
- Pump for removing bilge water
- Bilge Well
- A sump to which bilge water drains.
- Billet
-
- A section of a log split lengthwise as you would make firewood.
- A small bar of iron or steel.
- Semifinished solid product which has been hot-worked by extrusion, forging, and rolling. Smaller than a Bloom
- A piece of timber which has three sides sawn and the fourth left round.
- Billet split lens
- A device used to produce interference fringes. The two halves of the lens are separated so that two images of a slit source provide the coherent sources.
- Bill of lading
- (BOL) (BL) (B/L)
- The cost or the paperwork describing the cost of a vehicle's load or freight.
- Itemized list of goods contained in a shipment
- A contract between the shipper and the carrier that includes freight origin and destination, description, and weight.
- Bimetal
- Two types of metal bonded into a strip and formed into a coil. Each type of metal has different thermal expansion characteristics, so the coil straightens when heated and coils up when cold. Bimetals are used mainly to open and close choke plates on carbureted vehicle.
- Bimetal-fuse
- A fuse element composed of two different metals, e.g., a copper wire coated with tin or lead.
- Bimetal heat sensor
- (BHS) A strip (usually coiled) consisting of two metals with different expansion characteristics. Bimetal strips are used in thermostatically controlled devices because they move or bend toward the metal that expands least when heat is applied.
- Bimetallic corrosion
- When two different metals are attached to each other, some electrons tend to move
from one metal to the other. This action happens especially when there is a little
moisture between the two pieces.
Also see
- Bimetallic sensor
- Consists of a thermocouple (an arm made of two dissimilar metals with different rates of thermal expansion) that flexes in accordance with temperature changes. Used as a temperature sensor. Also called Bimetal sensor
- Bimetallic strip
- Bonded strip composed of two metals with differing thermal expansion coefficients; the strip deflects when one side of the strip expands more than the other. Used e.g., in thermal switches.
- Bimetal sensor
- A device that consists of a thermocouple, an
arm made of two dissimilar metals with different rates of thermal expansion, that
flexes in accordance with temperature changes. Used as a temperature sensor. Also
called Bimetallic sensor
Also see
- Bimirror
- A pair of plane mirrors slightly inclined to one another. Used for the production of two coherent images in interference experiments.
- Bimmer
- Colloquial term for BMW
- Bimorph
- Unit in microphones and vibration detectors in which two piezoelectric plates are cemented together in such a way that application of potential difference causes one to contract and the other to expand, so the combination bends as in a Bimetallic strip
- Binary counter
- Flip-flop or toggle circuit which gives one output pulse for two input pulses, thus dividing by two
- Binary frequency shift keying
- A digital Modulation scheme in which 1 and 0 are represented by switching the Carrier between two different frequencies. It is 3 dB less resistant to additive white Gaussian noise interference than Binary phase shift keying
- Binary phase shift keying
- A digital Modulation scheme in which 1 and 0 are represented by reversing the phase of the Carrier. It is 3 dB more resistant to additive white Gaussian Noise interference than Binary frequency shift keying
- Binary system
- An alloy formed by two metals, this is represented by the binary constitutional diagram for the system. In general, any two-component system.
- Binary vapor-engine
- A heat-engine using two separate working fluids, generally mercury vapor and steam, for the high- and low-temperature portions of the cycle respectively, thus enabling a large temperature range to be used, with improved thermal efficiency.
- Binaural
- Listening with two-ears, the result of which is a sense of directivity of the arrival of a sound wave. Said of a stereophonic system with two channels (matched) applying sound to a pair of ears separately, e.g., by earphones. The effect arises from relative phase delay between wavefronts at each ear.
- Binder
-
- Component used in the mix of carbon products, organic brake linings, sintered metals, tar macadam, etc. to impart cohesion to the body to be formed. The binder may have cold setting properties, or subsequently be heat-treated to give it permanent properties as part of the body or to remove it by volatilization.
- The ingredient in a paint that holds or suspends the Pigmentparticles together.
- A glue used to hold the various elements of a brake friction material together
Also see
- Binder bolt
- On a Bicycle, the bolt used to fasten a stem inside a
Steerer tube or a
Seatpost inside a
Seat tube. Some are quick-release type.
Also see
- Binder head
- Obsolete term for a pan head screw.
- Binding
-
- The rubbing of brake shoes against the drum or of brake pads against the disc.
- The strip material turned over along the edge of a carpet or mat.
Also see
- Binding energy
-
- Energy required to remove a particle from a system
- Energy required to overcome forces of cohesion and disperse a solid into constituent atoms.
- Of a nucleus, the energy which holds nuclear particles together.
Also see
- Binding Head
- A screw or bolt with a rounded top surface and slightly tapered sides. The bearing surface is flat with annular undercut optional.
- Bingham solid
- Material which shows little tendency to flow until a critical stress is reached (e.g., toothpaste or modeling clay). Also called Bingham flow
- Bingo cards
- Trucker slang for the paper cards that hold trucking permits from different states as in "Better get your bingo cards out, they're checkin' em at the chicken coop."
- Binnacle
- The cluster of instruments and switches mounted in a circular casing on or near the steering column.
- Binoculars
- A pair of telescopes for use with both eyes simultaneously. Essential components are an objective, an eyepiece and some system of prisms to invert and reverse the image.
- Binomial array
- A linear array in which the current amplitudes are proportional to the coefficients of a binomial expansion. Such an array has no side lobes.
- Biochemical Conversion
- The use of enzymes and Catalysts to change biological substances chemically to produce energy products. For example, the digestion of organic wastes or sewage by microorganisms to produce methane is a biochemical process.
- Biocide
- A product which kills any fungus or microbes that may have contaminated Diesel fuel.
- Biodegradable
- A product which is capable of being decomposed by bacteria into harmless elements without danger to the environment.
- Biodiesel
-
- Diesel fuel made from animal or vegetable fats.
- A biodegradable transportation fuel for use in diesel engines that is produced through transesterification of organically derived oils or fats. Biodiesel is used as a component of diesel fuel. In the future it may be used as a replacement for diesel.
- The mono alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from renewable lipid feedstocks, such as vegetable oils and animal fats, for use in compression ignition (diesel) engines. Manufactured by transestrification of the organic feedstock by methanol.
- Any liquid biofuel suitable as a diesel fuel substitute or diesel fuel additive or extender. Biodiesel fuels are typically made from oils such as soybeans, rapeseed, or sunflowers, or from animal tallow. Biodiesel can also be made from hydrocarbons derived from agricultural products such as rice hulls.
- Biofuels
- Liquid fuels and blending components produced from biomass (plant) feedstocks, used primarily for transportation.
- Biogenic
- Produced by biological processes of living organisms. Note EIA uses the term biogenic to refer only to organic nonfossil material of biological origin.
- Biological half-life
- Time interval required for half of a quantity of radioactive material absorbed by a living organism to be eliminated naturally.
- Biological hole
- A cavity within a nuclear reactor in which biological specimens are placed for irradiation experiments.
- Biomass
- Renewable organic nonfossil matter such as agricultural crops, crop-waste residues, wood, animal and municipal wastes, aquatic plants; fungal growth, etc., used for the production of energy.
- Biomass gas
- A medium Btu gas containing methane and carbon dioxide, resulting from the action of microorganisms on organic materials such as a landfill.
- Biomass waste
- Organic non-fossil material of biological origin that is a byproduct or a discarded product. Biomass waste includes municipal solid waste from biogenic sources, landfill gas, sludge waste, agricultural crop byproducts, straw, and other biomass solids, liquids, and gases; but excludes wood and wood-derived fuels (including black liquor), biofuels feedstock, biodiesel, and fuel ethanol. Note EIA biomass waste data also include energy crops grown specifically for energy production, which would not normally constitute waste.
- Biot laws
- Laws stating that the rotation produced by optically active media is proportional to the length of path, to the concentration (for solutions) and to the inverse square of the wavelength of the light.
- Biot modulus
- The heat transfer to a wall by a flowing medium, giving the ratio of heat transfer by convection to that by conduction. Defined as αθ/λ, where α is the heat transfer coefficient, λ is the thermal conductivity of medium, and θ is the characteristic length of apparatus.
- Biot-Savart law
- Expression for the intensity of magnetic flux density produced at a point a distance from a current-carrying conductor.
- Biplane
- An aircraft or glider with two main supporting surfaces (two wings on each side) above one another.
- Bipolar electrode
- An electrode in an electroplating bath not connected to either the anode or cathode. Also called secondary electrode.
- Bipolar plates
- Conductive plate in a fuel cell stack that acts as an anode for one cell and a cathode for the adjacent cell. The plate may be made of metal or a conductive polymer (which may be a carbon-filled composite). The plate usually incorporates flow channels for the fluid feeds and may also contain conduits for heat transfer.
- Bipolar transistor
- A transistor that uses both positive and negative charge carriers. Both p-n-p and n-p-n types of bipolar transistor can be manufactured, as discrete devices, or for incorporation into integrated circuits.
- Biprism
- Two prisms of very acute angle placed side by side and used as a focusing aid on the screens of cameras.
- Bird dog
- A person who refers prospective customers to a particular dealership or salesman for a given fee or compensation.
- Bird's beak
- In microelectronic fabrication; descriptive of the shape of that part of a silicon dioxide layer grown on a silicon wafer near the edge of a region which is protected from oxidation by a diffusion barrier.
- Birmingham gauge
- (BG) Systems of designating the diameters of rods and wires by numbers. Obsolescent, being replaced by preferred metric dimensions.
- Birmingham wire gauge
- (BWG) Systems of designating the diameters of rods and wires by numbers. Obsolescent, being replaced by preferred metric dimensions.
- Birox resistor
- Resistor made from a thick film or bismuth ruthenate fired with a glass; noted for stability.
- Bismuth spiral
- Flat coil of bismuth wire used in magnetic flux measurements; the change of flux is measured by observing the change in resistance of the bismuth wire, which increases with increasing fields.
- Bistable circuit
- Valve or transistor circuit which has two stable states which can be decided by input signals, much used in counters and scalers.
- Bisynchronous motor
- A motor like an ordinary synchronous motor but running at twice synchronous speed.
- Bit adapter
- A tool (like a screwdriver) with a hollow socket (instead of the blade) to accept a variety of bits.
- Bite
- A vehicle's ability to adhere to the road (especially to a racing track).
- The ability of a tool to secure itself to a fastener as in I want my wrench to get a good bite on that bolt.
Also see
- Bit error ratio
- The rate at which erroneous Bits are received over a link, expressed as a proportion of the overall bit rate. In good systems the bit error ratio can be less than 1 in 10 9 .
- Bitt
-
- A vertical post used in securing a line
- A bollard
- Bitter pattern
- A pattern showing boundaries of magnetic domains on the surface of a magnetic
material, formed by applying a colloidal suspension of a magnetic powder. The particles
accumulate where the domain boundaries intersect the surface.
- Bitumen
- A naturally occurring viscous mixture, mainly of hydrocarbons heavier than Pentane, that may contain sulfur compounds and that, in its natural occurring viscous state, is not recoverable at a commercial rate through a well.
- Bituminous paint
- Black or dark colored tarry paint which contains bitumen. Used for the protection of exposed metal parts.